行为模式---解释器模式

解释器模式

解释器模式解决某一领域重复出现的特定问题，使用普通编程方法极度复杂，需要这一特定领域的特定语法，解释器模式就是用来解释这种语法
类图：

比如解释加法和减法问题：
解释器：

public abstract class AbstractExpression {//此处也可以使用接口
    public abstract Object interpreter();
}
public class Variable extends AbstractExpression {//变量
    private int x;

    public Variable(int x) {
        this.x = x;
    }

    @Override
    public Object interpreter() {
        return x;
    }
}
public class Add extends AbstractExpression {//加法
    private AbstractExpression left;
    private AbstractExpression right;

    public Add(AbstractExpression left, AbstractExpression right) {
        this.left = left;
        this.right = right;
    }

    @Override
    public Object interpreter() {
        return (int) left.interpreter() + (int) right.interpreter();
    }
}
public class Sub extends AbstractExpression {//减法
    private AbstractExpression left;
    private AbstractExpression right;

    public Sub(AbstractExpression left, AbstractExpression right) {
        this.left = left;
        this.right = right;
    }

    @Override
    public Object interpreter() {
        return (int) left.interpreter() - (int) right.interpreter();
    }
}

环境：

public class Context {
    private String expression;
    private AbstractExpression abstractExpression;

    public Context(String expression) {
        this.expression = expression;
        String[] splits = expression.split(" ");
        switch (splits[1]) {
        case "+":
            abstractExpression = new Add(new Variable(Integer.valueOf(splits[0])),
                    new Variable(Integer.valueOf(splits[2])));
            break;
        case "-":
            abstractExpression = new Sub(new Variable(Integer.valueOf(splits[0])),
                    new Variable(Integer.valueOf(splits[2])));
            break;
        default:
            break;
        }
    }

    public String getResult() {
        return expression + " " + abstractExpression.interpreter();
    }
}

客户端：

public static void main(String[] args) {
        Context ctx = new Context("10 + 30 =");
        System.out.println(ctx.getResult());

        Context ctx1 = new Context("10 - 30 =");
        System.out.println(ctx1.getResult());
    }

输出：

10 + 30 = 40
10 - 30 = -20

解释器模式使用范围不广，但是如果遇见某一特定问题，就显得很有用