【Python】【List】深拷贝与浅拷贝

一、浅拷贝

1、直接复制

两个列表是等价的，修改其中任何一个列表都会影响到另一个列表。

old = [1,[1,2,3],3]
print('原old=',old)
new = old
 
new[0] = 3
new[1][0] =3
new[2]=4
 
print('old=',old)
print('new=',new)

原old= [1, [1, 2, 3], 3]
old= [3, [3, 2, 3], 4]
new= [3, [3, 2, 3], 4]

2、copy()

第一层实现了深拷贝，但对于其内嵌套的List，仍然是浅拷贝。
因为嵌套的List保存的是地址，复制过去的时候是把地址复制过去了，嵌套的List在内存中指向的还是同一个

old = [1,[1,2,3],3]
print('原old=',old)
new = old.copy()
 
new[0] = 3
new[1][0] =3
new[2]=4
 
print('old=',old)
print('new=',new)

原old= [1, [1, 2, 3], 3]
old= [1, [3, 2, 3], 3]
new= [3, [3, 2, 3], 4]

3、列表生成式

只对第一层实现深拷贝

old = [1,[1,2,3],3]
print('原old=',old)
new = [i for i in old]
 
new[0] = 3
new[1][0] =3
new[2]=4
 
print('old=',old)
print('new=',new)

原old= [1, [1, 2, 3], 3]
old= [1, [3, 2, 3], 3]
new= [3, [3, 2, 3], 4]

4、[:]切片

只对第一层实现深拷贝

old = [1,[1,2,3],3]
print('原old=',old)
new = old[:]
 
new[0] = 3
new[1][0] =3
new[2]=4
 
print('old=',old)
print('new=',new)

原old= [1, [1, 2, 3], 3]
old= [1, [3, 2, 3], 3]
new= [3, [3, 2, 3], 4]

二、深拷贝deepcopy()

import copy
old = [1,[1,2,3],3]
print('原old=',old)
new = copy.deepcopy(old)
 
new[0] = 3
new[1][0] =3
new[2]=4
 
print('old=',old)
print('new=',new)

原old= [1, [1, 2, 3], 3]
old= [1, [1, 2, 3], 3]
new= [3, [3, 2, 3], 4]

参考：
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_49899130/article/details/129380610?spm=1001.2014.3001.5506