【Python Cookbook】S02E14 以固定的列数重新格式化文本 —— textwrap.fill(text, width, subsequent_indent=)

问题

我们有一些很长很长的字符串，我们希望能够将其重新格式化，按照用户制定的列数来显示。

解决方案

推荐使用 textwrap 模块，下述案例中使用 textwrap.fill(text, width) 函数，其中的两个参数 text 为长文本内容，width 为每一行的长度。

s = "Look into my eyes, look into my eyes, the eyes, the eyes, the eyes, not around the eyes, don't look around the eyes, look into my eyes, you're under."

import textwrap

print(textwrap.fill(s, 70))
print("-" * 20)
print(textwrap.fill(s, 40))

结果为：

Look into my eyes, look into my eyes, the eyes, the eyes, the eyes,
not around the eyes, don't look around the eyes, look into my eyes,
you're under.
--------------------
Look into my eyes, look into my eyes,
the eyes, the eyes, the eyes, not around
the eyes, don't look around the eyes,
look into my eyes, you're under.

对于需要在第二行开始前加入空格的，可增加参数 subsequent_indent

print(textwrap.fill(s, 70))
print("*"*20, "添加参数后", "*"*20)
print(textwrap.fill(s, 70, subsequent_indent=" "))

结果会从第二行内容开始前添加空格标识

Look into my eyes, look into my eyes, the eyes, the eyes, the eyes,
not around the eyes, don't look around the eyes, look into my eyes,
you're under.
******************** 添加参数后 ********************
Look into my eyes, look into my eyes, the eyes, the eyes, the eyes,
 not around the eyes, don't look around the eyes, look into my eyes,
 you're under.

讨论

textwrap 模块能够以简单直接的方式对文本格式做整理使其适合与设备大小展示内容。结合到实际应用中，其可以通过 os.get_terminal_size() 来获取终端的大小

import os

size = os.get_terminal_size().columns

关于 textwrap.fill() 的更多用法，请参阅 textwrap.TextWrapper 类文档获取更多技术细节。