安卓日记（壹） — 程序共享，内容提供器

这一章的话主要就学习了安卓四大组件之一 -- ContentProvider的基本用法。

知识点统计：
1.运行时权限 ：当需要该权限时，询问用户是否允许使用。(不要忘记在AndroidManifest里声明权限)

public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions,
                                           @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        switch (requestCode){
            case 1:
                //允许
                if(grantResults.length > 0 &&
                        grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
                    call();
                }
                //拒绝
                else {
                    Toast.makeText(this,"You denied the permission"
                            ,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }

                break;
            default:
        }
    }

2.ContentResolver的CRUD操作
(1)添加操作：

                ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
                values.put("name","A Clash Of Kings");
                values.put("author","George Martin");
                values.put("pages",1040);
                values.put("price",55.55);
                Uri newUri = getContentResolver().insert(uri,values);

(2)更新操作：

                ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
                values.put("name","A Storm of Swords");
                values.put("pages",1216);
                values.put("price",24.05);
                getContentResolver().update(uri,values,null,null);

(3)删除操作：

getContentResolver().delete(uri,null,null);

(4)查询操作：

                Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(uri,null,null
                ,null,null);
                if(cursor != null){
                    while (cursor.moveToNext()){
                        String name = cursor.getString(
                                cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));
                        String author = cursor.getString(cursor
                            .getColumnIndex("author"));
                        int pages = cursor.getInt(cursor
                            .getColumnIndex("pages"));
                        double price = cursor.getDouble(cursor.getColumnIndex
                                ("price"));
                        Log.d(TAG, "Name: "+name);
                        Log.d(TAG, "Author: "+author);
                        Log.d(TAG, "Pages: "+pages);
                        Log.d(TAG, "Price: "+price);
                    }
                    cursor.close();
                }

3.创建内容提供器步骤
(1)创建使用UriMatcher匹配Uri

    static {
        uriMatcher = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);
        uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,"book",BOOK_DIR);
        uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,"book/#",BOOK_ITEM);
        uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,"category",CATEGORY_DIR);
        uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,"category/#",CATEGORY_ITEM);
    }

(2)重写六种方法

    @Override
    public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
        // Implement this to handle requests to delete one or more rows.
        ......
    }

    @Override
    public String getType(Uri uri) {
        // TODO: Implement this to handle requests for the MIME type of the data
        // at the given URI.

        switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)){
            case BOOK_DIR:
                return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/vnd.com.example." +
                        "databasetest.provider.book";

            case BOOK_ITEM:
                return "vnd.android.cursor.item/vnd.com.example." +
                        "databasetest.provider.book";

            case CATEGORY_DIR:
                return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/vnd.com.example." +
                        "databasetest.provider.category";

            case CATEGORY_ITEM:
                return "vnd.android.cursor.item/vnd.com.example." +
                        "databasetest.provider.category";

            default:
                break;
        }
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values) {
        // TODO: Implement this to handle requests to insert a new row.
        ......
        }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreate() {
        // TODO: Implement this to initialize your content provider on startup.
        dbHelper = new MyDatabaseHelper(getContext(),"BookStore.db"
                ,null,1);

        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection,
                        String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) {
        // TODO: Implement this to handle query requests from clients.
        SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
        Cursor cursor = null;
        switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)){
            case BOOK_DIR:
                cursor = db.query("Book",projection,selection,selectionArgs,
                        null,null,sortOrder);
                break;
            case BOOK_ITEM:
                String bookId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
                //[0]:路径   [1]:id
                cursor = db.query("Book",projection,"id = ?",new String[]{bookId}
                ,null,null,sortOrder);
                break;
            case CATEGORY_DIR:
                cursor = db.query("Category",projection,selection,selectionArgs,
                        null,null,sortOrder);
                break;
            case CATEGORY_ITEM:
                String categoryId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
                cursor = db.query("Category",projection,"id = ?"
                        ,new String[]{categoryId},null,null,sortOrder);
                break;
        default:
        break;
    }
        return cursor;
    }

    @Override
    public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection,
                      String[] selectionArgs) {
        // TODO: Implement this to handle requests to update one or more rows.
        ......
    }

4.使用提供数据的接口
使用接口非常简单，只需将唯一标示uri传入即可使用
这里给出上述query方法的使用代码：

        Button queryData = (Button)findViewById(R.id.query_data);
        queryData.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.example.databasetest.provider/book");
                Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(uri,null,null
                ,null,null);
                if(cursor != null){
                    while (cursor.moveToNext()){
                        String name = cursor.getString(
                                cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));
                        String author = cursor.getString(cursor
                            .getColumnIndex("author"));
                        int pages = cursor.getInt(cursor
                            .getColumnIndex("pages"));
                        double price = cursor.getDouble(cursor.getColumnIndex
                                ("price"));
                        Log.d(TAG, "Name: "+name);
                        Log.d(TAG, "Author: "+author);
                        Log.d(TAG, "Pages: "+pages);
                        Log.d(TAG, "Price: "+price);
                    }
                    cursor.close();
                }
            }
        });

5.Git使用
（书籍在这里又出现了Git的知识点，暂且记下，以后再规整）
(1) git add . ，添加所有文件
(2) git commit -m “本次提交的描述” ，提交添加操作
(3) git status ，查看文件修改情况
(4) git diff (+文件路径) ，查看修改具体内容
(5) git checkout +文件路径 ，撤销修改
(6) git reset HEAD +文件路径 ，取消文件添加
(7) git log ，显示提交记录
(8) git log +记录id -1 ，选中该id记录并只显示一行记录

6.小结
这是我第一次真正意义上的对自己学习过程的一次记录，将内容提供器我认为比较重要的内容都整理记录了下来，以后会坚持记录下去。
经验不足，多多见谅。