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一、spring mvc 开发步骤
1、pom.xml 导入依赖坐标 ,功能所需的
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.13.2</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.3.20</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.29</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/druid -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.2.9</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-test -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>5.3.20</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet.jsp/javax.servlet.jsp-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.3.3</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-web -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>5.3.20</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.20</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.13.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-core -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.13.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-annotations -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>2.13.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.24</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.11.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>1.7.36</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.20</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>5.3.20</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
2、配置jdbc.properties
jdbc.driver = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
jdbc.username = root
jdbc.password = 1234
3、配置 web.xml (配置 全局参数,监听器,前端控制器等)
<!--全局的初始化参数-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!--Spring的监听器-->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!--SpringMVC的前端控制器-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
4、创建 controller ,service ,dao 并注入到容器中 ,配置spring-context.xml 文件
<!-- 加载properties文件-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</bean>
<!--3、配置JdbcTemplate对象-->
<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!--配置RoleDao-->
<bean id="roleDao" class="com.example.dao.impl.RoleDaoImpl">
<property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate"/>
</bean>
<!--配置UserDao-->
<bean id="userDao" class="com.example.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl">
<property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate"/>
</bean>
<bean id="userService" class="com.example.service.impl.UserServiceImpl">
<!-- <property name="roleDao" ref="roleDao"/>-->
<!-- <property name="userDao" ref="userDao"/>-->
</bean>
<bean id="roleService" class="com.example.service.impl.RoleServiceImpl">
<property name="roleDao" ref="roleDao"/>
</bean>
5、配置Spring-mvc.xml (配置 组件扫描,静态资源放行,处理器映射器,视图解析器)
要注意 配置命名空间 context,mvc ,把beans 改成对应的命名空间
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!--配置组件扫描包-->
<!-- <context:component-scan base-package="com.example"/>-->
<!-- 自动加载处理器映射器,适配器 集成Jackson对象 对对象 集合进行json 形式字符串的转换 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 放行静态资源-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 配置 试图解析器-->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/pages/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
6、进行访问测试
二、关于spring mvc 项目 全注解配置
1、利用核心配置类 来顶替application.xml
(1)新建核心配置类
@Configuration ---表示该类为核心配置类
@Import({DataSourceConfig.class,JDBCTemplateConfig.class}) ---引入其他配置类
@ComponentScan("com.example") ---组件扫描的位置
public class SpringConfiguration {
}
(2) 把数据库的配置 注入到容器中
新建Datasource配置类:
@PropertySource("classpath:jdbc.properties") ---加载properties 文件
public class DataSourceConfig {
@Value("${jdbc.driver}") ---使用Value 获取文件中的值
private String driverClassName;
@Value("${jdbc.url}")
private String url;
@Value("${jdbc.username}")
private String username;
@Value("${jdbc.password}")
private String password;
@Bean(name="dataSource") ---bean 标签写在方法上,将返回值以 dataSource 的id注入到容器中
public DataSource getDataSource(){
DruidDataSource dataSource = new DruidDataSource(); ---创建datasource对象,设置属性值
dataSource.setDriverClassName(driverClassName);
dataSource.setUrl(url);
dataSource.setUsername(username);
dataSource.setPassword(password);
return dataSource;
}
}
(3) 同样 创建JDBCTemplate 配置类
public class JDBCTemplateConfig {
@Resource(name="dataSource") ---从容器中匹配bean对象,name = bean id相当于Autowired + Qualifier
DataSource dataSource;
@Bean(name = "jdbcTemplate") ---将bean 对象以 jdbcTemplate 的id 注入容器
public JdbcTemplate getJdbcTemplate() {
JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
return jdbcTemplate;
}
}
2、controller、serviceImpl 、 daoImpl 使用注解
@Controller @Service @Repository @Autowierd
注意
!!!同时 使用 xml 和注解 配置的话,会出现错误:
Artifact web:war exploded: Error during artifact deployment. See server log for details.