python使用TLS1.2协议请求

针对部分网站使用python请求出现403等，强制使用tls1.2发包的场景
如某盛优选小程序，fiddler重新发包正常，用程序请求失败

1.urllib版本

context = ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1_2)
response = urllib.request.urlopen(url=urllib.request.Request(url=url, headers=headers),
                                  data=data, context=context)
response = response.read().decode()
print(response)

2.requests版本

import ssl
import requests
from requests.adapters import HTTPAdapter, PoolManager
class MyAdapter(HTTPAdapter):
	# 重写init_poolmanager方法
    def init_poolmanager(self, connections, maxsize, block=False, **pool_kwargs):
        self.poolmanager = PoolManager(num_pools=connections,
                                       maxsize=maxsize,
                                       block=block,
                                       ssl_version=ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1_2)

s = requests.Session()
s.mount('https://', MyAdapter())
res = s.post(url, data=data, headers=headers)
text = res.text

3.在scrapy中强制使用TLS1.2的话需要在settings.py中设置以下代码

参考scrapy文档: https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#std-setting-DOWNLOADER_CLIENT_TLS_CIPHERS

DOWNLOADER_CLIENT_TLS_METHOD="TLSv1.2"

4.直接使用httpx请求

import httpx
res = httpx.post(url, data=data, headers=headers)
text = res.text