二进制包安装MySQL

需求说明

使用二进制包安装MySQL

环境说明
下载MySQL的二进制包
点击下载

操作步骤
①.将下载好的二进制包解压

[root@lizihan ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@lizihan ~]# tar -xf mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local
[root@lizihan ~]# ls /usr/local/ | grep mysql
mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64

②.为了方便使用，建立一个软连接,并将MySQL的路径写入到环境变量中

[root@lizihan ~]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ /usr/local/mysql
[root@lizihan ~]# ll /usr/local/ | grep mysql
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root  47 Sep 25 05:22 mysql -> /usr/local/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/
drwxr-xr-x. 9 root root 129 Sep 25 05:20 mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
[root@lizihan ~]# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
[root@lizihan ~]# . /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

③.建立mysql用户

[root@lizihan ~]# groupadd -r -g 306 mysql
[root@lizihan ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin -g 306 -u 306 mysql
[root@lizihan ~]# id mysql
uid=306(mysql) gid=306(mysql) groups=306(mysql)

④.创建mysql存放数据的目录，并修改属组和属主为mysql

[root@lizihan ~]# mkdir /opt/mysql
[root@lizihan ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/mysql/
[root@lizihan ~]# ll /opt/mysql/ -d
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 6 Sep 25 05:25 /opt/mysql/

⑤.初始化数据库，并记录下随机密码，最后一排结尾即是第一次登陆的随机密码

[root@lizihan ~]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/mysql
2018-09-25T09:32:51.537582Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Mdw,b0uou4,n        <-- 随机密码

⑥.修改mysql 的配置文件

[root@lizihan ~]# cat > /etc/my.cnf << EOF
> [mysqld]
> datadir = /opt/mysql      //数据存放路径
> basedir = /usr/local/mysql       //数据库安装路径
> socket = /tmp/mysql.sock     //套接字文件位置
> port = 3306     //监听的端口
> pid-file = /opt/mysql/mysql.pid      //进程id文件存放路径
> user = mysql    //指定mysql的用户身份
> skip-name-resolve     //不解析DNS，需要使用ip连接授权
> EOF

⑦.配置服务启动脚本，将脚本拷贝到/etc/init.d下面方便启动

[root@lizihan ~]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@lizihan ~]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld 
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/opt/mysql

⑧.启动服务修改密码即可

[root@lizihan ~]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/opt/mysql/lizihan.err'.
 SUCCESS! 
[root@lizihan ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
mysql> set password=password('lzh123!');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
[root@lizihan ~]# vim .my.cnf
[mysql]
user=root
password=lzh123!
[root@lizihan ~]# mysql
mysql>