根分区扩容

参考：
https://www.jianshu.com/p/273daea17b2a   //lvm扩容和非lvm扩容
https://www.cnblogs.com/lwf-blog/p/8066967.html  //扩容根分区实用
https://blog.51cto.com/11551311/2044925   //centos6系统扩容
http://www.mamicode.com/info-detail-2609103.html //lvm的扩容和缩容

CentOS6将home目录扩容到根分区，前提是/home目录的东西不要

//查看磁盘发现/home目录有60G没用
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
                       50G  4.1G   43G   9% /
tmpfs                 3.8G   56K  3.8G   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda2             477M   41M  411M  10% /boot
/dev/sda1             200M  264K  200M   1% /boot/efi
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_home
                       60G   52M   57G   1% /home
[root@localhost ~]# umount /home      //卸载home目录
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
                       50G  4.1G   43G   9% /
tmpfs                 3.8G   56K  3.8G   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda2             477M   41M  411M  10% /boot
/dev/sda1             200M  264K  200M   1% /boot/efi
//移除home目录
[root@localhost ~]# lvremove /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_home
Do you really want to remove active logical volume lv_home? [y/n]: y
  Logical volume "lv_home" successfully removed

 -L [+]# /PATH/TO/LV_NAME  指定扩展后的容量，+表示在目前容量上直接增加#容量,不用+表示，扩展后的容量为#
Usag:  lvextend -L +5G /PATH/TO/LV_NAME 表示LV在现有的容量上再增加5G容量
lvextend -L 5G /PATH/TO/LV_NAME 表示扩展后的LV总大小为5G容量
//lvextend 扩展逻辑卷的物理边界
[root@localhost ~]# lvextend -L +56G /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
  Size of logical volume VolGroup/lv_root changed from 50.00 GiB (12800 extents) to 106.00 GiB (27136 extents).
  Logical volume lv_root successfully resized.
  
  [root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME                        MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda                           8:0    0 119.2G  0 disk 
├─sda1                        8:1    0   200M  0 part /boot/efi
├─sda2                        8:2    0   500M  0 part /boot
└─sda3                        8:3    0 118.6G  0 part 
  ├─VolGroup-lv_root (dm-0) 253:0    0   106G  0 lvm  /
  └─VolGroup-lv_swap (dm-1) 253:1    0   7.7G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
                       50G  4.1G   43G   9% /
tmpfs                 3.8G   56K  3.8G   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda2             477M   41M  411M  10% /boot
/dev/sda1             200M  264K  200M   1% /boot/efi



resize2fs /PATH/TO/LV 5G  扩展逻辑边界到5G，该值不能超过物理边界
resize2fs -p /PATH/TO/LV :-p表示扩展逻辑边界跟物理边界一样大。
resize2fs  扩展逻辑卷的逻辑边界
[root@localhost ~]# resize2fs /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem at /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
old desc_blocks = 4, new_desc_blocks = 7
Performing an on-line resize of /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root to 27787264 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root is now 27787264 blocks long.

[root@localhost ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
                      105G  4.1G   95G   5% /
tmpfs                 3.8G   56K  3.8G   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda2             477M   41M  411M  10% /boot
/dev/sda1             200M  264K  200M   1% /boot/efi

//CentOS7系统将/home目录扩容到根目录

[root@localhost ~]# umount /home/
[root@localhost ~]# lvremove /dev/mapper/centos-home
Do you really want to remove active logical volume centos/home? [y/n]: y
  Logical volume "home" successfully removed
[root@localhost ~]# lvextend -L +120G  /dev/mapper/centos-root
  Size of logical volume centos/root changed from 50.00 GiB (12800 extents) to 170.00 GiB (43520 extents).
  Logical volume centos/root successfully resized.
[root@localhost ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/centos-root
meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=3276800 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=0 spinodes=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=13107200, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=6400, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 13107200 to 44564480

至此，/分区已经扩容了，注释掉/etc/fstab中的/home目录，如下图，不注释的话会进入救援模式，输入root密码进入救援模式，journalctl -xb命令系统无法启动的原因，G跳转到最后面，↑往上翻查看红色字体报错，一般都是启动项的问题

[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 47G -n home centos
  Logical volume "home" created.
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.xfs  /dev/mapper/centos-home
meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-home isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=3080192 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=0, sparse=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=12320768, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=6016, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0


[root@localhost ~]# mount  /dev/mapper/centos-home  /home
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
文件系统                 容量  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/mapper/centos-root  170G  899M  170G    1% /
devtmpfs                  63G     0   63G    0% /dev
tmpfs                     63G     0   63G    0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                     63G  9.5M   63G    1% /run
tmpfs                     63G     0   63G    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda2               1014M  135M  880M   14% /boot
/dev/sda1                200M  9.8M  191M    5% /boot/efi
tmpfs                     13G     0   13G    0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/centos-home   47G   33M   47G    1% /home
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk 
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda               8:0    0   223G  0 disk 
├─sda1            8:1    0   200M  0 part /boot/efi
├─sda2            8:2    0     1G  0 part /boot
└─sda3            8:3    0 221.8G  0 part 
  ├─centos-root 253:0    0   170G  0 lvm  /
  ├─centos-swap 253:1    0     4G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
  └─centos-home 253:2    0    47G  0 lvm  /home
sdb               8:16   0   8.9T  0 disk 
sdc               8:32   0   8.9T  0 disk 

//注意：df -Th查看如果不是ext4格式，而是xfs格式的文件系统，就需要用xfs_growfs命令刷新文件系统
[root@localhost ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/centos-root