第十七章：运行时特性-sys:系统特定配置-底层线程支持-调试

17.2.5.2 调试
找出死锁可能是处理线程最困难的方面之一。sys._current_frames()会有所帮助，它能准确地显示出线程在哪里停止。

import sys
import threading
import time

io_lock = threading.Lock()
blocker = threading.Lock()


def block(i):
    t = threading.current_thread()
    with io_lock:
        print('{} with ident {} going to sleep'.format(
            t.name,t.ident))
    if i:
        blocker.acquire()  # Acquired but never released
        time.sleep(0.2)
    with io_lock:
        print(t.name,'finishing')
    return

# Create and start several threads that "block."
threads = [
    threading.Thread(target=block,args=(i,))
    for i in range(3)
    ]
for t in threads:
    t.setDaemon(True)
    t.start()

# Map the threads from their identifier to the thread object.
threads_by_ident = dict((t.ident,t) for t in threads)

# Show where each thread is "blocked."
time.sleep(0.01)
with io_lock:
    for ident,frame in sys._current_frames().items():
        t = threads_by_ident.get(ident)
        if not t:
            # Main thread
            continue
        print('{} stopped in {} at line {} of {}'.format(
            t.name,frame.f_code.co_name,
            frame.f_lineno,frame.f_code.co_filename))

sys._current_frames()返回的字典以线程标识符为键，而不是线程名。需要稍做一点工作将这些标识符映射为线程对象。
由于线程-1没有休眠，在检查它的状态之前他就已经完成了。由于这个线程不再是活动的，所以不会出现在输出中。线程-2请求锁阻塞器(blocker)，然后休眠很短一段时间。与此同时，线程-3尝试请求阻塞器，不过无法得到，因为已经被线程-2占用。