Linux下安装MySQL

1. 下载mysql安装包
   下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

2. 卸载系统自带的mysql

   #检查mysql是否存在
   [root@hadoop01 local]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
   mysql-libs-5.1.73-7.el6.x86_64
   #卸载
   [root@hadoop01 local]# rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.73-7.el6.x86_64
   [root@hadoop01 local]# find / -name mysql
   # 手动删除  数据库目录
   [root@hadoop01 local]# rm -rf /var/lib/mysql/
   # 手动删除  数据库配置文件
   [root@hadoop01 local]# rm -rf /usr/share/mysql/
   

3. 删除etc目录下的 数据库配置文件my.cnf

   [root@hadoop01 local]# rm /etc/my.cnf
   rm: cannot remove `/etc/my.cnf': No such file or directory
   

4. 检查mysql组和用户是否存在，如无创建

   [root@hadoop01 local]# cat /etc/group | grep mysql
   [root@hadoop01 local]# cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql
   [root@hadoop01 local]# 
   

5. 创建mysql用户组

   [root@hadoop01 local]# groupadd mysql
   #创建一个用户名为mysql的用户并加入mysql用户组
   [root@hadoop01 local]# useradd -g mysql mysql
   [root@hadoop01 local]# 
   

6. 设置密码

   [root@hadoop01 local]# passwd mysql
   Changing password for user mysql.
   New password: 
   BAD PASSWORD: it is too simplistic/systematic
   BAD PASSWORD: is too simple
   Retype new password: 
   passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
   [root@hadoop01 local]# 
   

7. 解压到指定文件夹下

   [root@hadoop01 local]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
   [root@hadoop01 local]# mv mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ /usr/local/mysql/
   

8. 更改所属的组和用户

   [root@hadoop01 local]# chown -R mysql mysql/
   [root@hadoop01 local]#  chgrp -R mysql mysql/
   

9. 创建数据库数据存储目录

   [root@hadoop01 local]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data
   [root@hadoop01 mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql data
   

10. 新建配置文件my.cnf

    [root@hadoop01 mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf 
    

    在etc下新建配置文件my.cnf，并添加以下配置

    [mysql]
    #设置mysql客户端默认字符集
    default-character-set=utf8 
    [mysqld]
    skip-name-resolve
    #设置3306端口
    port = 3306 
    #设置mysql的安装目录
    basedir=/usr/local/mysql
    #设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录
    datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
    #允许最大连接数
    max_connections=200
    #服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集
    character-set-server=utf8
    #创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
    default-storage-engine=INNODB 
    lower_case_table_names=1
    max_allowed_packet=16M
    

11. 安装和初始化

    [root@hadoop01 mysql]# bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/
    2018-09-18 19:24:49 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize
    2018-09-18 19:24:52 [WARNING] The bootstrap log isn't empty:
    2018-09-18 19:24:52 [WARNING] 2018-09-18T11:24:49.123054Z 0 [Warning] --bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using --initialize instead
    2018-09-18T11:24:49.123633Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)
    2018-09-18T11:24:49.123640Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: table_open_cache: 407 (requested 2000)
    

12. 创建mysqld

    [root@hadoop01 mysql]# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
    [root@hadoop01 mysql]#
    

13. 将脚本文件设置成可执行文件

    [root@hadoop01 mysql]# chown 777 /etc/my.cnf 
    [root@hadoop01 mysql]# chmod a+x /etc/init.d/mysqld
    [root@hadoop01 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
    ERROR! MySQL server PID file could not be found! ERROR! MySQL server PID file could not be found!
    Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/hadoop01.err'.
    SUCCESS!  
    [root@hadoop01 mysql]# killall mysqld
    [root@hadoop01 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
    Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 
    [root@hadoop01 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
    Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
    Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 
    [root@hadoop01 mysql]# 
    

14. 设置开机启动

    [root@hadoop02 mysql]# chkconfig --list mysqld
    service mysqld supports chkconfig, but is not referenced in any runlevel (run 'chkconfig --add 		mysqld')
    [root@hadoop01 mysql]# chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on
    [root@hadoop01 mysql]# chkconfig --list mysqld
    mysqld         	0:off	1:off	2:on	3:on	4:on	5:on	6:off
    [root@hadoop01 mysql]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
    [root@hadoop01 mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld
    [root@hadoop01 mysql]# chkconfig --list mysqld
    mysqld         	0:off	1:off	2:on	3:on	4:on	5:on	6:off
    [root@hadoop01 mysql]# service mysqld status
    SUCCESS! MySQL running (3874)
    [root@hadoop01 mysql]# 
    

15. 配置环境变量

     [root@hadoop01 mysql]# vim /etc/profile
    

    #set mysql environment
    export MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql
    export PATH=$PATH:${MYSQL_HOME}/bin
    

    [root@hadoop01 mysql]# source /etc/profile  
    

16. 查看初始密码

    [root@hadoop01 mysql]# cat /root/.mysql_secret 
    #Password set for user 'root@localhost' at 2018-09-18 19:24:49 
    gi?hydUfPhxD
    [root@hadoop01 mysql]# 
    

17. 修改密码

    [root@hadoop01 mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
    Enter password:             （输入  gi?hydUfPhxD）
    Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
    Your MySQL connection id is 2
    Server version: 5.7.23
    Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    owners.
    Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. 
    mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');
    Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
    

18. 远程连接授权

    mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@"%" identified by "123456" with grant option;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
    mysql> flush privileges;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
    mysql> 
    

19. 退出命令行界面

    mysql> exit
    Bye