Fragment一般只占据一小块地方(比如下面的广告),但是它有自己的生命周期(可以试试重写那些方法来观察一下),下面是静态注册和动态注册使用Fragment的例子。
- 创建自己的Fragment,如MyFragment。布局和代码如下。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/tv_adv"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="广告"
android:textColor="#000000"
android:textSize="17sp"/>
<ImageView
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/iv_adv"
android:layout_weight="5"
android:src="@drawable/adv"
android:scaleType="fitCenter"/>
</LinearLayout>
package xyz.strasae.androidlearn.myandroidapplication;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
public class MyFragment extends Fragment {
protected View view;
protected Context context;
private TextView tv_adv;
private ImageView iv_adv;
@Nullable
@Override
//创建Fragment视图
public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
context = this.getActivity();
//从xml文件获取对象 以便代码操作
view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.my_fragment, container, false);
tv_adv = view.findViewById(R.id.tv_adv);
tv_adv.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
Toast.makeText(context, "你点击了广告的文本", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
iv_adv = view.findViewById(R.id.iv_adv);
iv_adv.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
Toast.makeText(context, "你点击了广告的图片", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
return view;
}
}
- 静态注册。直接在活动的布局文件中加fragment节点即可,注意name属性必须填写完整的路径,下面是一个例子的布局文件和代码。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".StaticFragmentActivity"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:padding="5dp">
<!--每个fragment必须指定id属性 name属性要填写完整的路径-->
<fragment
android:id="@+id/fragment_static_demo"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:name="xyz.strasae.androidlearn.myandroidapplication.MyFragment"/>
</LinearLayout>
package xyz.strasae.androidlearn.myandroidapplication;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
public class StaticFragmentActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_static_fragment);
}
}
- 动态注册。下面是代码和详细注释(注意这只是一个例子,如果这样写的话每次onCreate时都会创建一个Fragment(如横屏向竖屏的转换))。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="@+id/ll_dynamic_fragment_layout"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".DynamicFragmentActivity"
android:orientation="vertical">
</LinearLayout>
package xyz.strasae.androidlearn.myandroidapplication;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager;
import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentTransaction;
import android.os.Bundle;
public class DynamicFragmentActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_dynamic_fragment);
//获取MyFragment实例
MyFragment myFragment = new MyFragment();
//获取FragmentManager实例
FragmentManager fragmentManager = this.getSupportFragmentManager();
//开启事务
FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
//通过事务向布局文件中添加碎片
fragmentTransaction.add(R.id.ll_dynamic_fragment_layout, myFragment);
//提交事务
fragmentTransaction.commit();
}
}