Linux系统常规操作

一、常用操作

1，查看系统版本号

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.7.1908 (Core)

2.查看主机名

[root@localhost ~]# hostname
localhost.localdomain

3.显示系统名、节点名称、操作系统的发行版号、操作系统版本、运行系统的机器 ID 号

[root@localhost ~]# uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.0-1062.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Aug 7 18:08:02 UTC 2019 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

4.查看系统位数

[root@localhost ~]# getconf LONG_BIT
64

5.查看系统版本

[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/version
Linux version 3.10.0-1062.el7.x86_64 (mockbuild@kbuilder.bsys.centos.org) (gcc version 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Wed Aug 7 18:08:02 UTC 2019

6.查看系统内存使用情况

[root@localhost ~]# free -m
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 972 197 227 7 547 622
Swap: 2047 0 2047

7.查看CPU信息

[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor : 0
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family : 6
model : 158
model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i3-8100 CPU @ 3.60GHz
stepping : 11
microcode : 0x8e
cpu MHz : 3600.010
cache size : 6144 KB
physical id : 0
siblings : 1
core id : 0
cpu cores : 1
apicid : 0
initial apicid : 0
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level : 22
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts nopl xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc aperfmperf eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq vmx ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch epb tpr_shadow vnmi ept vpid fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 invpcid rdseed adx smap xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 dtherm arat pln pts hwp hwp_notify hwp_act_window hwp_epp
bogomips : 7200.02
clflush size : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes : 42 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:

8.查看内存信息

[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 995748 kB
MemFree: 233324 kB
MemAvailable: 637732 kB
Buffers: 2780 kB
Cached: 515976 kB
SwapCached: 0 kB
Active: 305972 kB
Inactive: 281332 kB
Active(anon): 68992 kB
Inactive(anon): 7316 kB
Active(file): 236980 kB
Inactive(file): 274016 kB
Unevictable: 0 kB
Mlocked: 0 kB
SwapTotal: 2097148 kB
SwapFree: 2097148 kB
Dirty: 0 kB
Writeback: 0 kB
AnonPages: 68580 kB
Mapped: 25724 kB
Shmem: 7760 kB
Slab: 89236 kB
SReclaimable: 42220 kB
SUnreclaim: 47016 kB
KernelStack: 3856 kB
PageTables: 4484 kB
NFS_Unstable: 0 kB
Bounce: 0 kB
WritebackTmp: 0 kB
CommitLimit: 2595020 kB
Committed_AS: 295504 kB
VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB
VmallocUsed: 192856 kB
VmallocChunk: 34359310332 kB
HardwareCorrupted: 0 kB
AnonHugePages: 8192 kB
CmaTotal: 0 kB
CmaFree: 0 kB
HugePages_Total: 0
HugePages_Free: 0
HugePages_Rsvd: 0
HugePages_Surp: 0
Hugepagesize: 2048 kB
DirectMap4k: 75648 kB
DirectMap2M: 972800 kB
DirectMap1G: 0 kB

9.查看Linux系统负载信息 

[root@localhost ~]# uptime
17:30:21 up 1:39, 2 users, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05
[root@localhost ~]# uptime -V  #显示 uptime 命令版本信息
uptime from procps-ng 3.3.10

17:30:21             //系统当前时间
up 1:39   //主机已运行时间,时间越大，说明你