SpringBoot2--任务

前言

在Java应用中，绝大多数情况下都是通过同步的方式来实现交互处理的；但是在处理与第三方系统交互的时候，容易造成响应迟缓的情况，之前大部分都是使用多线程来完成此类任务，其实，在Spring 3.x之后，就已经内置了@Async来完美解决这个问题。

一、异步任务

1）建立一个service，注解@Async说明这个一个异步方法

	@Service
	public class AsyncService {
	
		@Async
		public void hello(){
			try {
				Thread.sleep(3000);
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			System.out.println("数据处理中...........");
		}
	}

2）建立一个Controller，用来测试

	@RestController
	public class AsyncController {
	
		@Autowired
		AsyncService asyncService;
	
		@GetMapping("/hello")
		public String hello(){
			asyncService.hello();
			return "success";
		}
	}

3）在主程序类加入@EnableAsync开启异步任务

@EnableAsync
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
	}
}

结果Thread.sleep(3000)会和System.out.println(“数据处理中…”)异步同时执行

二、定时任务

项目开发中经常需要执行一些定时任务，比如需要在每天凌晨时候，分析一次前一天的日志信息。Spring为我们提供了异步执行任务调度的方式，提供TaskExecutor 、TaskScheduler 接口。
两个注解：
@EnableScheduling：开启定时任务
@Scheduled：定时注解
1）开启开启定时任务

@EnableScheduling
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
	}
}

2）定时执行

@Service
public class ScheduleService {

	@Scheduled(cron = "0 * * * * 0-7")
	public void hello(){
		System.out.println("hello.......");
	}
}

3）cron 表达式
cron = “0 * * * * 0-7”

三、邮件任务

1、概述

1）引入依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
</dependency>

2）自动配置原理
属性装配类MailProperties

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.mail")
public class MailProperties {

JavaMailSenderImpl类

@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.mail", name = "host")
class MailSenderPropertiesConfiguration {

	@Bean
	@ConditionalOnMissingBean(JavaMailSender.class)
	JavaMailSenderImpl mailSender(MailProperties properties) {
		JavaMailSenderImpl sender = new JavaMailSenderImpl();
		applyProperties(properties, sender);
		return sender;
	}

@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.mail", name = "jndi-name")
@ConditionalOnJndi
class MailSenderJndiConfiguration {

	@Bean
	JavaMailSenderImpl mailSender(Session session) {
		JavaMailSenderImpl sender = new JavaMailSenderImpl();
		sender.setDefaultEncoding(this.properties.getDefaultEncoding().name());
		sender.setSession(session);
		return sender;
	}

3）配置

spring.mail.username=2575539894@qq.com
#授权码
spring.mail.password=kgyhddjgqwngkxzm
#连接qq服务器
spring.mail.host=smtp.qq.com
#开启加密验证
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.ssl.enable=true

4）发送简单邮件

	@Autowired
	JavaMailSenderImpl mailSender;

	@Test
	void test01() {
		SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();

		//邮件设置
		message.setSubject("开会通知");
		message.setText("今晚7点开会");
		message.setTo("13245678899@163.com");
		message.setFrom("2575539894@qq.com");

		mailSender.send(message);
	}

5）发送复杂邮件

	@Autowired
	JavaMailSenderImpl mailSender;
	
	@Test
	void test02() throws MessagingException {
		MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
		MimeMessageHelper mimeMessageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage,true);

		//邮件设置

		mimeMessageHelper.setSubject("开会通知");
		mimeMessageHelper.setText("<b style='color:red'>今天7点半开会</b>",true);

		mimeMessageHelper.setTo("13245678899@163.com");
		mimeMessageHelper.setFrom("2575539894@qq.com");

		//上传文件
		mimeMessageHelper.addAttachment("1.jpg",new File("C:\\Users\\chenrili\\Desktop"));
		mimeMessageHelper.addAttachment("2.jpg",new File("C:\\Users\\chenrili\\Desktop"));
		mailSender.send(mimeMessage);
	}