Linux搭建web服务器

一、开启服务

1.安装软件包

#yum install -y httpd

2.关闭防火墙SELINUX，开启服务。

#systemctl stop firewalld
#setenforce 0
#systemctl start httpd

3.配置文件

http的配置文件都在/etc/httpd/

主配置文件：/etc/httpd/conf/

辅助(子)配置文件：/etc/httpd/conf.d/

模块组件配置文件：/etc/httpd/conf.modules.d

编辑主配置文件，只需将第98行取消注释，ServerName对应值修改为自己的IP。

#vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

修改完配置文件后，要重启httpd

#systemctl restart httpd

二、实例一：通过多IP搭建多网站访问

1.创建多个IP

#nmcli c modify ens160 ipv4.addresses 192.168.220.129 ipv4.gateway 192.168.220.2 ipv4.dns 8.8.8.8 ipv4.method manual connection.autoconnect yes
#nmcli c modify ens160 +ipv4.addresses 192.168.220.131 +ipv4.gateway 192.168.220.2 +ipv4.dns 8.8.8.8 ipv4.method manual connection.autoconnect yes
#nmcli c modify ens160 +ipv4.addresses 192.168.220.132 +ipv4.gateway 192.168.220.2 +ipv4.dns 8.8.8.8 ipv4.method manual connection.autoconnect yes
#nmcli c up ens160

2.建立一个虚拟用户配置文件并编辑:

#vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhosts.conf

编辑内容如下：

###给目录/net的访问权限
<Directory /net>
        AllowOverride none
        Require all granted
</Directory>
###192.168.220.129
<VirtualHost 192.168.220.129:80>
        DocumentRoot /net/129
        ServerName 192.168.220.129
</VirtualHost>
###192.168.220.131
<VirtualHost 192.168.220.131:80>
        DocumentRoot /net/131
        ServerName 192.168.220.131
</VirtualHost>
###192.168.220.132
<VirtualHost 192.168.220.132:80>
        DocumentRoot /net/132
        ServerName 192.168.220.132
</VirtualHost>

重启服务

#systemctl restart httpd

创建对应文件夹和html文件

#mkdir -r /net/{129,131,133}
#echo this is 129 > /net/129/index.html
#echo this is 131 > /net/131/index.html
#echo this is 133 > /net/133/index.html

三、实例二：通过多端口搭建多网站访问

1.编辑虚拟用户配置文件：

#vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhosts.conf

编辑内容如下：

<Directory /net>
        AllowOverride none
        Require all granted
</Directory>
###129:8096
<VirtualHost 192.168.220.129:9999>
        DocumentRoot /net/9999
        ServerName 192.168.220.129
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost 192.168.220.129:8096>
        DocumentRoot /net/8096
        ServerName 192.168.220.129
</VirtualHost>
listen 9999
listen 8096

2.重启服务

#systemctl restart httpd

3.创建对应文件夹和html文件

#mkdir -r /net/{8096,9999}
#echo this is 8096 > /net/8096/index.html
#echo this is 9999 > /net/9999/index.html

四、实例三：通过域名搭建网站访问

1.编辑虚拟用户配置文件：

#vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhosts.conf

编辑内容如下：

<Directory /net>
        AllowOverride none
        Require all granted
</Directory>
<VirtualHost 192.168.220.129:80>
        DocumentRoot /net/xixi
        ServerName www.xixi.com
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost 192.168.220.129:80>
        DocumentRoot /net/haha
        ServerName www.haha.com
</VirtualHost>

2.重启服务

#systemctl restart httpd

3.创建对应文件夹和html文件

#mkdir -r /net/{xixi,haha}
#echo this is xixi > /net/xixi/index.html
#echo this is haha > /net/haha/index.html

4.编辑Windows下的hosts域名解析文件（C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts），指定xixi和haha对应自己的IP，如下