在处理特殊文本数据中,eval很有妙用:
#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
eval会将字符串转化为有效的表达式来运算,两个常用场景:
1. 字符串转列表,字典,元组,这个适用于从json或API中获取数据为文本格式,通过eval可以方便转化为列表字典等
2. 包含加减乘除运算的,会给出计算结果
"""
# =========================
# 字符串转化成列表/字典/元组
# =========================
s = "[{'a':12,'b':23},{'c':2134,'e':45}, ((1,2),(3,4))]"
print(type(s))
# out:
# <class 'str'>
str_list = eval(s)
print(type(str_list))
# out:
# <class 'list'>
# =========================
# 字符串中含加减乘除运算的
# =========================
a = 1
b = 2
print(eval("a+b"))
# out:
# 3
# eval(source[, globals[, locals]])参数用法案例
def f():
a = 3 # 注意前面a,b已分别赋值1,2
b = 4
eval("a+b") # out: 7
eval("a+b", globals()) # out: 3 # 有globals参数会采用全局变量
eval("a+b", globals(), locals()) # out: 7 # globals,locals同时存在,优先locals
f()