Oracle开启归档模式并设置RMAN自动备份策略

---

title: Oracle开启归档模式并设置RMAN自动备份策略
categories: 数据库
tags:
- Oracle
- RMAN
timezone: Asia/Shanghai
date: 2019-01-06

软件版本

Oracle 11g 11.2.0.4

1.开启和关闭归档模式

1.管理员登录

sqlplus / as sysdba

2.查看是否开启归档模式

SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode              No Archive Mode
Automatic archival             Disabled
Archive destination            USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence     2
Current log sequence           4

3.关闭数据库

SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

4.启动数据库到mount状态

SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  759943168 bytes
Fixed Size                  2257112 bytes
Variable Size             499126056 bytes
Database Buffers          255852544 bytes
Redo Buffers                2707456 bytes
Database mounted.

5.启用归档模式并查看

SQL> alter database archivelog;

Database altered.

SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode              Archive Mode
Automatic archival             Enabled
Archive destination            USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence     2
Next log sequence to archive   4
Current log sequence           4

6.启动数据库

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

7.关闭归档模式

# 关闭数据库
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

# 启动数据库到mount状态
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area  759943168 bytes
Fixed Size                  2257112 bytes
Variable Size             499126056 bytes
Database Buffers          255852544 bytes
Redo Buffers                2707456 bytes
alter database noarchivelog;Database mounted.

# 关闭归档模式
SQL> alter database noarchivelog;
Database altered.

# 查看状态
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode              No Archive Mode
Automatic archival             Disabled
Archive destination            USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence     2
Current log sequence           4

2.RMAN自动全备脚本

#!/bin/bash
backtime=`date +%Y%m%d`
echo $backtime
# by 小六 20181126 1327133225@qq.com
# ######################### oracle RAC RMAN自动备份脚本 #########################
# 备份要求
# 条件一：在node1每晚进行全量备份，同时删除过期备份和归档日志文件；
# by all
# su - oracle
# mkdir -p /home/oracle/log
# mkdir -p /home/oracle/bak
#
# %c 备份片的拷贝数 
# %d 数据库名称 
# %D 位于该月中的第几天 (DD) 
# %M 位于该年中的第几月 (MM) 
# %F 一个基于DBID唯一的名称,这个格式的形式为c-IIIIIIIIII-YYYYMMDD-QQ,其中IIIIIIIIII为该数据库的DBID，YYYYMMDD为日期，QQ是一个1-256的
序列 
# %n 数据库名称，向右填补到最大八个字符 
# %u 一个八个字符的名称代表备份集与创建时间 
# %p 该备份集中的备份片号，从1开始到创建的文件数 
# %U 一个唯一的文件名，代表%u_%p_%c 
# %s 备份集的号 
# %t 备份集时间戳 
# %T 年月日格式(YYYYMMDD)

$ORACLE_HOME/bin/rman log=/home/oracle/log/node1_backupall_$backtime.log <<EOF
connect target /
run{
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1;
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1;

allocate channel c1 type disk FORMAT '/home/oracle/bak/%d_%T_%U';
allocate channel c2 type disk FORMAT '/home/oracle/bak/%d_%T_%U';

backup as compressed backupset database ;
backup as compressed backupset archivelog all  delete input;

# report obsolete命令用于列出rman资料库中能够被删除的全备份、数据文件拷贝和归档日志记录。 
# report obsolete; 

# 删除陈旧备份（noprompt=不提示）
# delete noprompt  obsolete; 

# 核对所有备份集
crosscheck backup;

# 核对归档日志
crosscheck archivelog all;

# 删除EXPIRED备份集（noprompt=不提示）
# delete noprompt expired backup;

# 释放通道
release channel c1;
release channel c2;
}
EOF
echo
echo "Backup Complete!"
echo