Selenium Cookbook Lesson

Selenium Cookbook lesson

Selenium In A Nutshell

Selenium is a software robot sent from the future to help us test web applications. Selnium works on every major browser and run on everywhere. One of the guiding philosophies of Selenium is to be able to write your tests once and run them across multiple browsers.

Defining A Test Strategy

• Money/Value
• Usage Data
• Browsers
• Risky Bits

Anatomy of A Good Acceptance Test

• Write atomic and autonomous tests

Each test needs to be concise and be capable of being run independently

• Grouping Tests
• Being Descriptive
• Use a Test Runners
• Store tests using Version Control

Writing Test

• Find Quality Elements
  • id / class attributes
  • css selectors
  • the parent element with a unique element that houses them
  • if no unique element, ask development team for help (retrospective)
• Figure Out What To Assert implicitly
  • follow the test cases and add necessary additional assert
• Write The Assertion And Verify it

Writing Re-usable Test Code

Model the behavior of your application into simple objects and write your tests against them, which not only get the benefit of controlled chaos, we also get reusable functionality and more readable tests.

• Base Page Object
  • abstracting all of common actions into a central class

Writing Resilient Test Code

There are still some issues to deal with. Most notably…timing. This is especially true when working with dynamic, JavaScript heavy pages. The best way to accomplish this is through the use of explicit waits.

• use Explicit waits instead of implicit wait or Thread.sleep()
• adjust the time for different browsers

Selenium Code Best Practice

Prepping For Use

• Global Setup & Teardown
  • This rule has before and after methods that execute prior to methods annotated with @Before and @After. It will not give up the ability to use these annotations in the tests.

public class Base {
    protected WebDriver driver;

      @Rule
      public ExternalResource resource = new ExternalResource() {
        @Override
        protected void before() throws Throwable {
          super.before();
          //Driver.initialise(browser, executeBy);
        }

        @Override
        protected void after() {
          super.after();
          //driver.quit();
        }
      }
}

• Using TestWatcher
  • this rule will be able to get the testName, get the screenshot for fail test cases and quit the driver.

 @Rule
  public TestWatcher watcher = new TestWatcher() {
    @Override
    protected void starting(Description description) {
      testName = description.getDisplayName();
    }
    @Override
    protected void failed(Throwable e, Description description) {
      String methodName = description.getMethodName();
      String fileName = description.getTestClass().getSimpleName() + "-" + methodName + ".png";
      try {
        File file = new File(
            System.getProperty("user.home") + "/Desktop/Selenium/" + fileName + LocalDateTime.now().toString()
                + ".png");
        FileUtils.copyFile(((TakesScreenshot) Driver.getInstance()).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE), file);
      } catch (IOException ioe) {
        LOG.info("Exception caught: {}", e.getMessage());
      }
    }
    @Override
    protected void finished(Description description) {
      Driver.getInstance().quit();
    }
  };

• Speeding Up Test Runs using Maven Surefire plugin (Todo in sls)
• Flexible Test Execution
  • create Categories to group tests
• Using Selenium Grid

With Selenium Grid you can stand up a simple infrastructure of various browsers on different operating systems to not only distribute test load, but also give you a diversity of browsers to work with.

• Grid Setup
  • start the hub
  • register nodes to it
  • specify an additional -browser parameter

java -jar selenium-server-standalone-2.48.2.jar -role node -browser browserName=firefox -browser browserName=chrome -browser browserName=safari -hub http://localhost:4444/grid/register

• Wire up a test to use new Grid

public class Grid {
  WebDriver driver;

  @Before
  public void setUp() throws Exception {
    DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();
    String url = "http://localhost:4444/wd/hub";
    driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(url), capabilities);
  }

  @After
  public void tearDown() throws Exception {
    driver.quit();
  }

  @Test
  public void gridTest() {
    driver.get("http://the-internet.herokuapp.com/");
    assertThat(driver.getTitle(), is(equalTo("The Internet")));
  }
}