Java实现简单的计算器``
用java语言写的一个简易计算器，实现了最基本的四则运算运算，支持小数点、括号、多位数运算。
首先附上效果图：
设计内容
界面由两个JTextField和20个JBotton组成，由构造方法实现ActionListener接口，按钮注册进行监听，并捕获按钮事件。
最终表达式显示在第一行文本，结果显示在第二行文本中。
因为计算器输入为中缀表达式，因此要将表达式转换为后缀表达式。result方法定义两个栈实现中缀表达式的求值。
express字符串存放的是以空格为分割符的中缀表达式，并以#作为结束符。result方法以空格分割表达式存放在字符串数组exps中。如果是数字直接压入operateNum栈，如果运算符比operateChara栈顶的优先级高则入栈，否则进行计算，并将结果压入operateNum栈，直至表达式运算结束。
最后定义五个异常：括号不匹配异常BracketsNotMatchException，除数为零异常DivisorIsZeroException，表达式错误异常ExpressFormatException，其他异常OtherException和取负错误异常SymbolErrorException。
以下为源代码
Experiment.class
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.io.File;
import javax.script.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.*;
public class Experiment
{
public static MyCalculator mc;
public static void main(String[] args)
{
String express = new String();
//File file = new File(".");
mc = new MyCalculator();
mc.setVisible(true);
}
}
class MyCalculator extends JFrame implements ActionListener
{
//新建两个文本框
JTextField text1 = new JTextField(null);
JTextField text2 = new JTextField(null);
//static boolean b=false;
//定义上次操作
public static final int INIT=0;//初始状态
public static final int NUMBER=1;//数字
public static final int OPERATOR=2;//运算符
public static final int RIGHTBRACKET=3;//右括号
public static final int LEFTBRACKET=4;//左括号
public static final int DECIMALPOINT=5;//小数点
public static final int MINUS=6;//取负
public static final int CALCULATION=7;//计算
static int lastOperation=INIT;
//static boolean lastOperationIsOperator=false;//上一次操作是否是运算符
//static boolean text2IsInit=true;//text2是否为初始
//static boolean lastOperationIsBracket=false;//上一次操作是否是括号
static boolean isError=false;//是否是异常结束
static public String express=new String();//存放计算表达式
static public int numOfBrackets=0;//用来判断括号匹配
String op=new String("\u00F7\u00D7+-");//用来判断是否是运算符
String num=new String("1234567890");//判断数字
public MyCalculator()
{
setTitle("计算器");//程序名称
setSize(400,600);//界面大小
Font f = new Font("黑体", Font.PLAIN, 40);//新建字体
text1.setFont(f);
text2.setFont(f);
//设置右对齐
text1.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);
text2.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);
//获取界面位置
Container contentPane = getContentPane();
contentPane.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT, 5, 5));
contentPane.add(text1);
contentPane.add(text2);
text1.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(370, 70));
text2.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(370, 75));
text1.setEditable(false);
text2.setEditable(false);
text2.setText("0");
//新建十六个按钮
JButton[] button = new JButton[20];
for(int i=0;i<20;i++)
{
button[i]=new JButton();
button[i].setPreferredSize(new Dimension(90,75));
button[i].setBackground(Color.white);
button[i].setFont(f);
contentPane.add(button[i]);
}
this.setResizable(false);
button[0].setText("+");
button[1].setText("-");
button[2].setText("(");
button[3].setText(")");
button[4].setText("\u00D7");//乘号
button[5].setText("\u00F7");//除号
//button[4].setText("*");
//button[5].setText("/");
button[6].setText("+/-");
button[6].setFont(new Font("黑体", Font.PLAIN, 30));
button[7].setText("C");
button[7].setBackground(Color.ORANGE);
button[8].setText("1");
button[9].setText("2");
button[10].setText("3");
button[11].setText("=");
button[12].setText("4");
button[13].setText("5");
button[14].setText("6");
button[15].setText("0");
button[16].setText("7");
button[17].setText("8");
button[18].setText("9");
button[19].setText(".");
for(int i=0;i<20;i++)//添加触发器
button[i].addActionListener(this);
}
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)//处理触发器
{
if(e.getActionCommand()=="=")//处理表达式计算
{
String result=new String();
if(lastOperation!=RIGHTBRACKET)
express=express+" "+text2.getText();
//System.out.println(express.trim());
text1.setText(text1.getText()+text2.getText()+"=");
try
{
if(numOfBrackets!=0)
throw new BracketsNotMatchException(new String("Bracket is not match"));
else
{
result=new Calculation().result(express.trim()+" #");
text2.setText(result);
}
}catch(DivisorIsZeroException err)//处理除数是零的异常
{
System.out.println(err.toString());
text2.setText("error 02");
isError=true;
express=new String();
numOfBrackets=0;
lastOperation=INIT;
}catch(ExpressFormatException err)//处理表达式不正确的异常
{
System.out.println(err.toString());
text2.setText("error 03");
isError=true;
express=new String();
numOfBrackets=0;
lastOperation=INIT;
}catch(BracketsNotMatchException error)//处理括号不匹配的异常
{
System.out.println(error.toString());
text2.setText("error 01");
isError=true;
express=new String();
numOfBrackets=0;
lastOperation=INIT;
}catch(OtherException error)
{
System.out.println(error.toString());
text2.setText("error 05");
isError=true;
express=new String();
numOfBrackets=0;
lastOperation=INIT;
}
//System.out.println(express);
//System.out.println(express.trim());
express=new String();
}
else if(e.getActionCommand()=="C")//全部清零
{
text1.setText(null);
text2.setText("0");
express=new String();
numOfBrackets=0;
lastOperation=INIT;
isError=false;
//System.out.println(express.trim());
}
else if(e.getActionCommand()==".")//小数点操作
{
text2.setText(text2.getText()+e.getActionCommand());
//System.out.println(express.trim());
lastOperation=DECIMALPOINT;
}
else if(op.contains(e.getActionCommand()))//判断事件是运算符
{
if(lastOperation==INIT)
{
express=express+" "+text2.getText()+" "+e.getActionCommand();
text1.setText(text2.getText());
text2.setText(e.getActionCommand());
}
else
{
if(lastOperation!=RIGHTBRACKET)
express=express+text2.getText()+" "+e.getActionCommand();
else
express=express+" "+e.getActionCommand();
text1.setText(text1.getText()+text2.getText());
text2.setText(e.getActionCommand());
}
//System.out.println(express.trim());
lastOperation=OPERATOR;
}
else if(e.getActionCommand().equals("+/-"))//取负号，只能数字取负，其他为异常
{
if(new Calculation().isDouble(text2.getText()))
{
if(text2.getText().charAt(0)=='-')
text2.setText(text2.getText().substring(1, text2.getText().length()));
else
text2.setText("-"+text2.getText());
}
else
{
try
{
throw new SymbolErrorException(text2.getText()+"不可取负");
}catch(SymbolErrorException err)
{
System.out.println(err.toString());
text2.setText("error 04");
isError=true;
express=new String();
numOfBrackets=0;
lastOperation=INIT;
}
}
//System.out.println(express.trim());
lastOperation=MINUS;
}
else if(e.getActionCommand().equals("("))//左括号
{
if(lastOperation==INIT)
{
text1.setText(null);
text2.setText("(");
express=express+"(";
numOfBrackets++;
}
else
{
if(lastOperation==LEFTBRACKET)
express=express+"( ";
else
{
if(lastOperation==OPERATOR)
express=express+" ";
express=express+"( ";
}
text1.setText(text1.getText()+text2.getText());
numOfBrackets++;
text2.setText(e.getActionCommand());
}
//System.out.println(express.trim());
lastOperation=LEFTBRACKET;
}
else if(e.getActionCommand().equals(")"))//右括号
{
express=express+" "+text2.getText();
text1.setText(text1.getText()+text2.getText());
text2.setText(")");
numOfBrackets--;
express=express+" )";
//System.out.println(express.trim());
lastOperation=RIGHTBRACKET;
}
//处理数字
else
{
if(lastOperation==INIT||isError)
{
text1.setText(null);
text2.setText(e.getActionCommand());
if(isError)
isError=false;
}
else
{
if(lastOperation==OPERATOR)//上一次是运算符
{
text1.setText(text1.getText()+text2.getText());
text2.setText(e.getActionCommand());
}
else if(lastOperation==LEFTBRACKET)//上一次是括号
{
text1.setText(text1.getText()+text2.getText());
text2.setText(e.getActionCommand());
}
else
text2.setText(text2.getText()+e.getActionCommand());
}
//System.out.println(express.trim());
lastOperation=NUMBER;
}
}
}
Calculation.class
import java.awt.List;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Stack;
import java.util.regex.*;
public class Calculation
{
public String exp;
public String[][] Table={ { " ", "+", "-", "×", "÷", "(", ")", "#" },//e代表表达式错误
{ "+", ">", ">", "<", "<", "<", ">", ">" },
{ "-", ">", ">", "<", "<", "<", ">", ">" },
{ "×", ">", ">", ">", ">", "<", ">", ">" },
{ "÷", ">", ">", ">", ">", "<", ">", ">" },
{ "(", "<", "<", "<", "<", "<", "=", "e" },
{ ")", ">", ">", ">", ">", "e", ">", ">" },
{ "#", "<", "<", "<", "<", "<", "e", "=" } };
public String result(String ss) throws DivisorIsZeroException,ExpressFormatException,OtherException
{
exp=ss;
String[] exps=exp.split(" ");
Stack<Double> operateNum=new Stack<Double>();//数字栈
Stack<String>operateChara=new Stack<String>();//符号栈
operateChara.push("#");
int i=0;
String str=exps[i++];
while(!str.equals("#")||!operateChara.peek().equals("#"))
{
if(isDouble(str))
{
operateNum.push(Double.parseDouble(str));
str=exps[i++];
}
else
{
if(str.length()!=1)
{
throw new ExpressFormatException(exp.substring(0,exp.length()-2).replaceAll(" ","")+"表达式错误");
}
else
{
switch(precede(str,operateChara.peek()))
{
case "<"://栈顶优先级低
operateChara.push(str);
str=exps[i++];
break;
case "="://脱括号
operateChara.pop();
str=exps[i++];
break;
case ">":
String op=operateChara.pop();
double num1=operateNum.pop();
double num2=operateNum.pop();
try{
double num3=operata(num1,op,num2);//计算
operateNum.push(num3);
}catch(DivisorIsZeroException e)
{
throw e;
}catch(OtherException e)
{
throw e;
}
break;
case "e":
throw new ExpressFormatException(exp.substring(0,exp.length()-2).replaceAll(" ","")+"表达式错误");
}
}
}
}
//System.out.println(operateNum);
//System.out.println(operateChara);
return String.valueOf(operateNum.pop());
}
public double operata(double num1,String op,double num2) throws DivisorIsZeroException,OtherException
{
switch(op)
{
case "+":
return num1+num2;
case "-":
return num2-num1;
case "×":
return num1*num2;
case "÷":
if(num1==0)
throw new DivisorIsZeroException(exp.substring(0,exp.length()-2).replaceAll(" ","")+":除数为零");
else
return num2/num1;
default:
throw new OtherException(exp.substring(0,exp.length()-2).replaceAll(" ","")+":表达式错误");
}
}
public String precede(String str1,String str2)
{
int i=0,j=0;
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
if(Table[0][i].equals(str1))
break;
for(j=0;j<8;j++)
if(Table[j][0].equals(str2))
break;
return Table[j][i];
}
public boolean isDouble(String str) //判断是否是数字
{
if(str.equals("-"))
return false;
int i=str.indexOf(".");
if(i==-1)
{
int j=0;
if(str.charAt(0)=='-')
j=1;
for (;j<str.length();j++)
{
if (!Character.isDigit(str.charAt(j)))
{
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("^[-\\+]?\\d*[.]\\d+$"); // 正则表达式
return pattern.matcher(str).matches();
}
}
BracketsNotMatchException.class
public class BracketsNotMatchException extends Exception
{
public BracketsNotMatchException() {}
public BracketsNotMatchException(String str)
{
super(str);
}
}
DivisorIsZeroException.class
public class DivisorIsZeroException extends Exception
{
public DivisorIsZeroException() {}
public DivisorIsZeroException(String str)
{
super(str);
}
}
ExpressFormatException.class
public class ExpressFormatException extends Exception
{
public ExpressFormatException() {}
public ExpressFormatException(String str)
{
super(str);
}
}
OtherException.class
public class OtherException extends Exception
{
public OtherException() {}
public OtherException(String str)
{
super(str);
}
}
SymbolErrorException.class
public class SymbolErrorException extends Exception
{
public SymbolErrorException() {}
public SymbolErrorException(String str)
{
super(str);
}
}
最后附上运行截图
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