N60-W1作业 docker命令以及harbor安装使用

最新推荐文章于 2023-09-03 21:26:14 发布

weixin_43316694

最新推荐文章于 2023-09-03 21:26:14 发布

阅读量677

点赞数

文章标签： docker 运维容器

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43316694/article/details/122247547

版权

N60第一周作业

文章目录

N60第一周作业

namespace和cgroup

namespace用于资源隔离

隔离类型	功能
mnt namespace	提供磁盘挂载点和文件系统的隔离能力
IPC namespce	进程间通信的隔离能力
UTS namespace	主机名隔离能力
pid namespace	进程隔离能力
net namespace	网络隔离能力
user namespace	用户隔离能力

cgroup用于cpu、内存、磁盘、网络等资源限制

docker安装

Centos7环境下

[root@192 ~] tar -zxvf docker-19.03.15-binary-install.tar.gz
[root@192 ~]# ./docker-install.sh
当前系统是CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core),即将开始系统初始化、配置docker-compose与安装docker
防火墙已关闭
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/NetworkManager.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/network-online.target.wants/NetworkManager-wait-online.service.
NetworkManager
selinux 已关闭
docker/
docker/dockerd
docker/docker-proxy
docker/containerd-shim
docker/docker-init
docker/docker
docker/runc
docker/ctr
docker/containerd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/containerd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/containerd.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/docker.socket to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.socket.

配置阿里云镜像加速

sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
> {
> "registry-mirrors": ["https://02b3lrsw.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
> }
> EOF
> {
> "registry-mirrors": ["https://02b3lrsw.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
> }
[root@192 docker]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@192 docker]# systemctl restart docker

验证docker安装

docker --version
Docker version 19.03.15, build 99e3ed8

docker常用命令

docker image ls 显示所有已下载的镜像

[root@192 docker]# docker image ls
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
nginx               latest              f6987c8d6ed5        7 days ago          141MB

docker search 搜索镜像

[root@192 ~]# docker search nginx
NAME                              DESCRIPTION                                     STARS               OFFICIAL            AUTOMATED
nginx                             Official build of Nginx.                        16028               [OK]
jwilder/nginx-proxy               Automated Nginx reverse proxy for docker con…   2104                                    [OK]

docker pull 拉取下载镜像

[root@192 ~]# docker pull nginx

docker inspect 显示镜像详细信息，可以使用镜像名称或者id

[root@192 docker]# docker inspect nginx

docker save 导出镜像

[root@192 docker]# docker save nginx -o nginx.tar.gz
或者
[root@192 docker]# docker save nginx > nginx.tar.gz

docker load 导入镜像

[root@192 docker]# docker load -i nginx.tar.gz
或
[root@192 docker]# docker load < nginx.tar.gz

docker image rm 删除镜像

[root@192 docker]# docker image rm nginx

docker run 运行一个容器

[root@192 docker]# docker run -it -d --name nginx1 -p80:80 nginx

docker ps 显示容器

[root@192 docker]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                NAMES
ec461b619814        nginx               "/docker-entrypoint.…"   22 seconds ago      Up 21 seconds       0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp   nginx1

docker login 登录阿里云容器仓库

[root@192 docker]# docker login --username=40xx@qq.com registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com
Password:
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store

Login Succeeded

docker push 推送容器到容器仓库中

docker push registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/huanghaiyao/hhy_apps:nginx-1.0

docker tag 将容器打tag标签

docker tag nginx registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/huanghaiyao/hhy_apps:nginx-1.0

部署harbor

基础环境

docker 19.03.15

docker-compose 1.24.1

安装harbor

解压harhor文件

tar -zxvf harbor-offline-installer-v2.3.2.tgz

重命名并修改配置文件,根据情况修改harbor的访问域名以及对应数据存放路径等信息

mv harbor.yml.tmpl harbor.yml

# Configuration file of Harbor

# The IP address or hostname to access admin UI and registry service.
# DO NOT use localhost or 127.0.0.1, because Harbor needs to be accessed by external clients.
hostname: harbor01.com

# http related config
http:
  # port for http, default is 80. If https enabled, this port will redirect to https port
  port: 80

# https related config
#https:
  # https port for harbor, default is 443
 # port: 443
  # The path of cert and key files for nginx
  #certificate: /your/certificate/path
  #private_key: /your/private/key/path

# # Uncomment following will enable tls communication between all harbor components
# internal_tls:
#   # set enabled to true means internal tls is enabled
#   enabled: true
#   # put your cert and key files on dir
#   dir: /etc/harbor/tls/internal

# Uncomment external_url if you want to enable external proxy
# And when it enabled the hostname will no longer used
# external_url: https://reg.mydomain.com:8433

# The initial password of Harbor admin
# It only works in first time to install harbor
# Remember Change the admin password from UI after launching Harbor.
harbor_admin_password: Harbor12345

# Harbor DB configuration
database:
  # The password for the root user of Harbor DB. Change this before any production use.
  password: root123
  # The maximum number of connections in the idle connection pool. If it <=0, no idle connections are retained.
  max_idle_conns: 100
  # The maximum number of open connections to the database. If it <= 0, then there is no limit on the number of open connections.
  # Note: the default number of connections is 1024 for postgres of harbor.
  max_open_conns: 900

# The default data volume
data_volume: /data

# Harbor Storage settings by default is using /data dir on local filesystem
# Uncomment storage_service setting If you want to using external storage
# storage_service:
#   # ca_bundle is the path to the custom root ca certificate, which will be injected into the truststore
#   # of registry's and chart repository's containers.  This is usually needed when the user hosts a internal storage with self signed certificate.
#   ca_bundle:

#   # storage backend, default is filesystem, options include filesystem, azure, gcs, s3, swift and oss
#   # for more info about this configuration please refer https://docs.docker.com/registry/configuration/
#   filesystem:
#     maxthreads: 100
#   # set disable to true when you want to disable registry redirect
#   redirect:
#     disabled: false

# Trivy configuration
#
# Trivy DB contains vulnerability information from NVD, Red Hat, and many other upstream vulnerability databases.
# It is downloaded by Trivy from the GitHub release page https://github.com/aquasecurity/trivy-db/releases and cached
# in the local file system. In addition, the database contains the update timestamp so Trivy can detect whether it
# should download a newer version from the Internet or use the cached one. Currently, the database is updated every
# 12 hours and published as a new release to GitHub.
trivy:
  # ignoreUnfixed The flag to display only fixed vulnerabilities
  ignore_unfixed: false
  # skipUpdate The flag to enable or disable Trivy DB downloads from GitHub
  #
  # You might want to enable this flag in test or CI/CD environments to avoid GitHub rate limiting issues.
  # If the flag is enabled you have to download the `trivy-offline.tar.gz` archive manually, extract `trivy.db` and
  # `metadata.json` files and mount them in the `/home/scanner/.cache/trivy/db` path.
  skip_update: false
  #
  # insecure The flag to skip verifying registry certificate
  insecure: false
  # github_token The GitHub access token to download Trivy DB
  #
  # Anonymous downloads from GitHub are subject to the limit of 60 requests per hour. Normally such rate limit is enough
  # for production operations. If, for any reason, it's not enough, you could increase the rate limit to 5000
  # requests per hour by specifying the GitHub access token. For more details on GitHub rate limiting please consult
  # https://developer.github.com/v3/#rate-limiting
  #
  # You can create a GitHub token by following the instructions in
  # https://help.github.com/en/github/authenticating-to-github/creating-a-personal-access-token-for-the-command-line
  #
  # github_token: xxx

jobservice:
  # Maximum number of job workers in job service
  max_job_workers: 10

notification:
  # Maximum retry count for webhook job
  webhook_job_max_retry: 10

chart:
  # Change the value of absolute_url to enabled can enable absolute url in chart
  absolute_url: disabled

# Log configurations
log:
  # options are debug, info, warning, error, fatal
  level: info
  # configs for logs in local storage
  local:
    # Log files are rotated log_rotate_count times before being removed. If count is 0, old versions are removed rather than rotated.
    rotate_count: 50
    # Log files are rotated only if they grow bigger than log_rotate_size bytes. If size is followed by k, the size is assumed to be in kilobytes.
    # If the M is used, the size is in megabytes, and if G is used, the size is in gigabytes. So size 100, size 100k, size 100M and size 100G
    # are all valid.
    rotate_size: 200M
    # The directory on your host that store log
    location: /var/log/harbor

  # Uncomment following lines to enable external syslog endpoint.
  # external_endpoint:
  #   # protocol used to transmit log to external endpoint, options is tcp or udp
  #   protocol: tcp
  #   # The host of external endpoint
  #   host: localhost
  #   # Port of external endpoint
  #   port: 5140

#This attribute is for migrator to detect the version of the .cfg file, DO NOT MODIFY!
_version: 2.3.0

# Uncomment external_database if using external database.
# external_database:
#   harbor:
#     host: harbor_db_host
#     port: harbor_db_port
#     db_name: harbor_db_name
#     username: harbor_db_username
#     password: harbor_db_password
#     ssl_mode: disable
#     max_idle_conns: 2
#     max_open_conns: 0
#   notary_signer:
#     host: notary_signer_db_host
#     port: notary_signer_db_port
#     db_name: notary_signer_db_name
#     username: notary_signer_db_username
#     password: notary_signer_db_password
#     ssl_mode: disable
#   notary_server:
#     host: notary_server_db_host
#     port: notary_server_db_port
#     db_name: notary_server_db_name
#     username: notary_server_db_username
#     password: notary_server_db_password
#     ssl_mode: disable

# Uncomment external_redis if using external Redis server
# external_redis:
#   # support redis, redis+sentinel
#   # host for redis: <host_redis>:<port_redis>
#   # host for redis+sentinel:
#   #  <host_sentinel1>:<port_sentinel1>,<host_sentinel2>:<port_sentinel2>,<host_sentinel3>:<port_sentinel3>
#   host: redis:6379
#   password:
#   # sentinel_master_set must be set to support redis+sentinel
#   #sentinel_master_set:
#   # db_index 0 is for core, it's unchangeable
#   registry_db_index: 1
#   jobservice_db_index: 2
#   chartmuseum_db_index: 3
#   trivy_db_index: 5
#   idle_timeout_seconds: 30

# Uncomment uaa for trusting the certificate of uaa instance that is hosted via self-signed cert.
# uaa:
#   ca_file: /path/to/ca

# Global proxy
# Config http proxy for components, e.g. http://my.proxy.com:3128
# Components doesn't need to connect to each others via http proxy.
# Remove component from `components` array if want disable proxy
# for it. If you want use proxy for replication, MUST enable proxy
# for core and jobservice, and set `http_proxy` and `https_proxy`.
# Add domain to the `no_proxy` field, when you want disable proxy
# for some special registry.
proxy:
  http_proxy:
  https_proxy:
  no_proxy:
  components:
    - core
    - jobservice
    - trivy

# metric:
#   enabled: false
#   port: 9090
#   path: /metrics

安装harbor

[root@192 harbor]# ./install.sh

执行过程中启动容器时会报错如下

[Step 4]: preparing harbor configs ...
prepare base dir is set to /data/harbor
docker: Error response from daemon: OCI runtime create failed: container_linux.go:349: starting container process caused "process_linux.go:449: container init caused \"write /proc/self/attr/keycreate: permission denied\"": unknown.

此时需要修改selinux

getenforce 0

永久修改selinux,cat /etc/selinux/conf，更改SELINUX=disable，需要重启

[root@192 harbor]# cat /etc/selinux/config

# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three values:
#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
#     minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected.
#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted

在客户机配置/etc/hosts文件添加解析

192.168.211.142 harbor01.com

在宿主机同样修改/etc/hosts文件

在浏览器直接访问harbor01.com输入用户名密码即可登录

使用harbor

docker仓库默认只支持https请求，修改docker服务参数，使之支持http

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service

ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock --insecure-registry=harbor01.com

重启docker服务

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker

登录harbor仓库

[root@192 harbor]# docker login harbor01.com
Username: admin
Password:
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store

Login Succeeded

打tag标签并推送镜像

docker tag nginx:latest harbor01.com/test/nginx:v1
docker push harbor01.com/test/nginx:v1

测试拉取下载镜像

docker pull harbor01.com/test/nginx:v1

此时重新访问harbor，发现test项目下会多了个镜像表示推送完毕

配置harbor同步

按照harbor01的配置复制一个harbor02出来，将harbor01、harbor02配置hosts域名解析

127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.211.142 harbor01.com
192.168.211.149 harbor02.com

修改harbr01和harbor02的/lib/systemd/system/docker.service文件如下

ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock --insecure-registry=harbor01.com --insecure-registry=harbor02.com

重新加载服务并重启docker服务

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker

在harbor02上配置仓库，测试连接

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-p6OKMx4L-1640878834503)(N60-W1.assets/image-20211230233705269.png)]

查看/var/log/harbor/core.log相关日志如下

Dec 30 23:38:42 172.18.0.1 core[14337]: 2021-12-30T15:38:42Z [ERROR] [/lib/http/error.go:54]: {"errors":[{"code":"UNKNOWN","message":"unknown: Get \"http://harbor01.com/api/version\": dial tcp: lookup harbor01.com on 127.0.0.11:53: no such host"}]}