Spring - IOC - 实例化Bean

Spring - 实例化Bean

1. 默认使用无参构造器实例化

UserServiceImpl.java

@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

    public UserServiceImpl() {
        System.out.println("UserServiceImpl被创建---无参构造器");
    }

    @Override
    public void getUser() {

    }
}

输出：

UserServiceImpl被创建---无参构造器

• 有多个构造函数依然会调用无参构造函数

  UserServiceImpl.java

  @Service
  public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
  
      public UserServiceImpl() {
          System.out.println("UserServiceImpl被创建---无参构造器");
      }
  
      public UserServiceImpl(UserDao userDao) {
          System.out.println("UserServiceImpl被创建---有参构造器");
          System.out.println(userDao);
      }
  
      @Override
      public void getUser() {
  
      }
  }
  

  输出：

  UserServiceImpl被创建---无参构造器
  

• 如果只有一个有参构造函数spring会调用，并且把产生自动装配进来

  @Service
  public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
  
      public UserServiceImpl(UserDao userDao) {
          System.out.println("UserServiceImpl被创建---有参构造器");
          System.out.println(userDao);
      }
  
      @Override
      public void getUser() {
  
      }
  }
  

  输出：

  UserServiceImpl被创建---有参构造器
  com.srpinginstantiation.dao.Impl.UserDaoImpl@515c6049
  

• 如果有参构造函数有多个并且没有无参构造函数，会报错；需要一个无参构造函数

  @Service
  public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
  
      public UserServiceImpl(UserDao userDao) {
          System.out.println("UserServiceImpl被创建---有参构造器");
          System.out.println(userDao);
      }
  
      public UserServiceImpl(UserDao userDao, UserDao userDao2) {
          System.out.println("UserServiceImpl被创建---有参构造器");
          System.out.println(userDao);
          System.out.println(userDao2);
      }
  
      @Override
      public void getUser() {
  
      }
  }
  

  输出：

  

2. 使用实例工厂方法实例化 - @Bean

• 可以自由的选择构造函数进行实例化

  UserServiceImpl.java

  public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
      public UserServiceImpl() {
          System.out.println("UserServiceImpl无参构造");
      }
  
      public UserServiceImpl(UserDao userDao) {
          System.out.println("UserServiceImpl有参构造");
          System.out.println("userDao：" + userDao);
      }
  
      public UserServiceImpl(UserDao userDao, String name) {
          System.out.println("UserServiceImpl有参构造");
          System.out.println("userDao：" + userDao);
          System.out.println("name：" + name);
      }
  
      @Override
      public void getUser() {
  
      }
  }
  

  SpringConfig.java

  @Configuration
  @ComponentScan("com.srpinginstantiation")
  public class SpringConfig {
      @Bean
      public UserService userServiceImpl(UserDao userDao){
          UserServiceImpl userServiceImpl = new UserServiceImpl(userDao);
          System.out.println("实例化：" + userServiceImpl);
          return userServiceImpl;
      }
  }
  

  输出：

  UserServiceImpl有参构造
  userDao：com.srpinginstantiation.dao.Impl.UserDaoImpl@dd05255
  实例化：com.srpinginstantiation.service.Impl.UserServiceImpl@6a78afa0
  

3. 使用工厂Bean实例化 - FactoryBean

• FactoryBean是一个接口，需要有一个Bean，实现FactoryBean接口的Bean就成为了特殊的Bean。

• 需实现两个方法：

  • getObject() ===>当通过Bean名称实际获取到的就是getObject()返回的对象

  • getObjectType() ===> 想通过容器去获取对应的类型，就需要getObject返回的对象的类型

3.1. getObject()

OrderService.java

@Service
public class OrderService implements FactoryBean {
    @Override
    public Object getObject() throws Exception {
        return new UserServiceImpl();
    }

    @Override
    public Class<?> getObjectType() {
        return null;
    }
}

Main.java

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfig.class);
        Object orderService = context.getBean("orderService");
        System.out.println(orderService);
    }
}

输出：

UserServiceImpl无参构造
com.srpinginstantiation.service.Impl.UserServiceImpl@3d285d7e

• 在Bean名称开头使用&可以返回getObject()本身的对象

  Main.java

  public class Main {
      public static void main(String[] args) {
          ApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfig.class);
          Object orderService = context.getBean("&orderService");
          System.out.println(orderService);
      }
  }
  

  输出：

  com.srpinginstantiation.service.Impl.OrderService@26794848
  

3.2. getObjectType()

OrderService.java

@Service
public class OrderService implements FactoryBean {
    @Override
    public Object getObject() throws Exception {
        return new UserServiceImpl();
    }

    @Override
    public Class<?> getObjectType() {
        return UserServiceImpl.class;
    }
}

Main.java

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfig.class);
        System.out.println(context.getBean(UserServiceImpl.class));
    }
}