Mybatis入门-延时加载(九)

概述

• 我们已经知道mybatis中的一对一，一对多，多对多关系的配置及实现，可以实现对象的关联查询。实际开发过程中，我们并不需要加载用户信息时，就加载它的账户信息，而是在使用用户账号的时候，再向数据库查询，此时就是我们所说的延迟加载

什么是延迟加载

• 就是在需要用到数据的时候才进行加载，不需要用到数据的时候就不加载数据。延迟加载也称为懒加载
• 优点：先从单表查询，需要时再从关联表去关联查询，大大提高数据库的性能，因为查询单表要比关联查询多张表的速度快很多
• 缺点：因为只有当需要用到数据时，才会进行数据库查询，这样在大批量数据查询时，因为查询工作也需要耗费时间，所以可能造成用户等待时间变长，造成用户体验下降

---

实现

商品表Items

public class Items {
//货物编号
private int iid;
//货物名称
private String name;
//货物详情
private String detail;
//货物价格
private double price;

public Items() {
}

public Items(int iid, String name, String detail, double price) {
    this.iid = iid;
    this.name = name;
    this.detail = detail;
    this.price = price;
}、
	...
}

---

订单详情表OrderDetail

public class OrderDetail {
//主键
private int odid;

//订单编号
private int orderid;

//货物数量
private int itemnum;

//商品对象
private Items items;

public OrderDetail() {
}

public OrderDetail(int odid, int orderid, int itemnum, Items items) {
    this.odid = odid;
    this.orderid = orderid;
    this.itemnum = itemnum;
    this.items = items;
}
	...
}

---

ItemsMapper.java

public interface ItemsMapper {
//根据主键查询Items对象
Items selectByiid(int iid) throws Exception;
}

---

OrderDetailMapper.java

public interface OrderDetailMapper {
//通过主键查询OrderDetail对象
OrderDetail selectByOdid(int odid) throws Exception;
}

---

ItemsMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.msb.mapper.ItemsMapper">
<select id="selectByiid" parameterType="int" resultType="items">
    select * from Items where iid = #{id}
</select>
</mapper>

---

OrderDetailMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.msb.mapper.OrderDetailMapper">

<resultMap id="findItem" type="com.msb.pojo.OrderDetail">
    <id property="odid" column="odid"></id>
    <result property="orderid" column="orderid"></result>
    <result property="itemnum" column="itemnum"></result>
    <!--延迟加载中select:表示查询语句是谁,这里就是另一个映射文件的sql id,写法是:对应mapper文件的namespace.id-->
    <!--column:表示针对的列名是谁，这里就是两张表关联的外键-->
    <association property="items" javaType="com.msb.pojo.Items"
                 select="com.msb.mapper.ItemsMapper.selectByiid" column="itemid"></association>

</resultMap>

<select id="selectByOdid" parameterType="int" resultMap="findItem">
    select * from OrderDetail where odid = #{id}
</select>

</mapper>

---

测试类

public class MabatisTest {
private SqlSessionFactory factory;

@Before
public void init() throws IOException {
    initLogRecord.initLog();
    InputStream resource = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
    SqlSessionFactoryBuilder builder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
    factory = builder.build(resource);
}

@Test
public void test() throws Exception {
    SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession();
    OrderDetailMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(OrderDetailMapper.class);
    //根据主键id查单个对象
    OrderDetail orderDetail = mapper.selectByOdid(1);
    //获取订单详情自己的属性
    System.out.println("订单详情表中Orderid的值:"+orderDetail.getOrderid());
    //获取订单详情关联订单中订单价格属性
    System.out.println("订单详情表中关联订单的价格:"+orderDetail.getItems().getPrice());
}
}

---

情况一

SqlMapperConfig.xml

<settings>
    <!--延迟加载总开关,true为开启,false为关闭-->
    <setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="false"/>
    <!--积极懒加载和消极懒加载开关，false为消极懒加载，true为积极懒加载-->
    <setting name="aggressiveLazyLoading" value="false"/>
</settings>

• 运行OrderDetail orderDetail = mapper.selectByOdid(1)时，sql执行了:select * from OrderDetail where odid = ? 和 select * from Items where iid = ?（两条）
  
• 运行orderDetail.getOrderid()时，sql执行了:select * from OrderDetail where odid = ? 和 select * from Items where iid = ?（两条）
  
• 运行orderDetail.getItems().getPrice()时，sql执行了:select * from OrderDetail where odid = ? 和 select * from Items where iid = ?（两条）
  

情况二

SqlMapperConfig.xml

<settings>
    <!--延迟加载总开关,true为开启,false为关闭-->
    <setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true"/>
    <!--积极懒加载和消极懒加载开关，false为消极懒加载，true为积极懒加载-->
    <setting name="aggressiveLazyLoading" value="false"/>
</settings>

• 运行OrderDetail orderDetail = mapper.selectByOdid(1)时，sql执行了:select * from OrderDetail where odid = ? （一条）
  
• 运行orderDetail.getOrderid()时，sql执行了:select * from OrderDetail where odid = ? （一条）
  
• 运行orderDetail.getItems().getPrice()时，sql执行了:select * from OrderDetail where odid = ? 和 select * from Items where iid = ?（两条），使用到关联对象属性的时候才加载对应sql
  

情况三

SqlMapperConfig.xml

<settings>
    <!--延迟加载总开关,true为开启,false为关闭-->
    <setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true"/>
    <!--积极懒加载和消极懒加载开关，false为消极懒加载，true为积极懒加载-->
    <setting name="aggressiveLazyLoading" value="true"/>
</settings>

• 运行OrderDetail orderDetail = mapper.selectByOdid(1)时，sql执行了:select * from OrderDetail where odid = ? （一条）
  
• 运行orderDetail.getOrderid()时，sql执行了:select * from OrderDetail where odid = ? 和 select * from Items where iid = ?（两条），Items也是OrderDetail类下的属性所以被加载
  
• 运行orderDetail.getItems().getPrice()时，sql执行了:select * from OrderDetail where odid = ? 和 select * from Items where iid = ?（两条）