kubernetes：使用statefulset部署mysql主从集群

1. statefullset部署mysql主从集群的原理

mysql-0是master
mysql-1和mysql-2是两个备份
当mysql写的时候，找headless service中的mysql-0.mysql；当mysql读的时候，找clusterip service中的mysql读，实现读写分离。
statefulset维护三个副本，一个主两个从
因为主从的配置不同所以通过configmap来解决主从配置不同的问题

2. 配置configmap

configmap（作用配置文件和镜像解藕）

[kubeadm@server2 mysql]$ cat configmap.yaml 
application/mysql/mysql-configmap.yaml 

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: mysql
  labels:
    app: mysql
data:
  master.cnf: |
    # Apply this config only on the master.
    [mysqld]
    log-bin  # 主mysql激活二进制日志
  slave.cnf: |
    # Apply this config only on slaves.
    [mysqld]
    super-read-only   # 从mysql上面设置为只读

[kubeadm@server2 mysql]$ kubectl get cm
NAME        DATA   AGE
cm1         1      8d
cm2         1      8d
cm3         2      8d
cm4         2      8d
nginxconf   1      8d

[kubeadm@server2 mysql]$ kubectl delete cm --all # 删除之前实验留下来的cm（cm是configmap的简写）
configmap "cm1" deleted
configmap "cm2" deleted
configmap "cm3" deleted
configmap "cm4" deleted
configmap "nginxconf" deleted
[kubeadm@server2 mysql]$ kubectl get cm
No resources found in default namespace.

[kubeadm@server2 mysql]$ kubectl apply -f configmap.yaml  # 创建configmap
configmap/mysql created

[kubeadm@server2 mysql]$ kubectl get cm
NAME    DATA   AGE
mysql   2      5s
[kubeadm@server2 mysql]$ kubectl describe cm mysql  # 生成的mysql配置
Name:         mysql
Namespace:    default
Labels:       app=mysql
Annotations:  
Data
====
master.cnf:
----
# Apply this config only on the master.
[mysqld]
log-bin

slave.cnf:
----
# Apply this config only on slaves.
[mysqld]
super-read-only

Events:  <none>

3. headless service和clusterip service

[kubeadm@server2 mysql]$ cat service.yaml 
# Headless service for stable DNS entries of StatefulSet members.
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: mysql
  labels:
    app: mysql
spec:
  ports:
  - name: mysql
    port: 3306
  clusterIP: None
  selector:
    app: mysql
---
# Client service for connecting to any MySQL instance for reads.
# For writes, you must instead connect to the master: mysql-0.mysql.
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: mysql-read
  labels:
    app: mysql
spec:
  ports:
  - name: mysql
    port: 3306
  selector:
    app: mysql

[kubeadm@server2 mysql]$ kubectl apply -f service.yaml 
service/mysql created
service/mysql-read created

[kubeadm@server2 mysql]$ kubectl get service # 两个服务mysql和mysql-read
NAME         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)    AGE
kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.96.0.1      <none>        443/TCP    16d
mysql        ClusterIP   None           <none>        3306/TCP   59s
mysql-read   ClusterIP   10.104.24.16   <none>        3306/TCP   58s

4. statefulset配置

4.1 先尝试拉起一个主mysql

[kubeadm@server2 mysql]$ cat statefulset.yaml 
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
  name: mysql
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: mysql
  serviceName: mysql
  replicas: 1
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: mysql
    spec:
      initContainers:
      - name: init-mysql
        image: mysql:5.7
        command:
        - bash
        - "-c"
        - |
          set -ex
          # Generate mysql server-id from pod ordinal index.
          [[ `hostname` =~ -([0-9]+)$ ]] || exit 1
          ordinal=${
   BASH_REMATCH[1]}
          echo [mysqld] > /mnt/conf.d/server-id.cnf
          # Add an offset to avoid reserved server-id=0 value.
          echo server-id=$((100 + $ordinal)) >> /mnt/conf.d/server-id.cnf
          # Copy appropriate conf.d files from config-map to emptyDir.
          if [[ $ordinal -eq 0 ]]; then