JUC介绍--阻塞队列(4组API)

常见队列家族

使用阻塞队列的情况：多线程并发处理，线程池
阻塞队列的四种API:

方式	抛出异常	有返回值,不抛出异常	阻塞 等待	超时等待
添加	add()	offer()	put()	offer(,)
移除	remove()	poll()	take()	poll(,)
判断队列首	element	peek	-	-

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        //test01();
//        test02();
//        test03();
        test04();
    }

    /*
    抛出异常
     */
    public static void test01(){
        //设置队列大小
        ArrayBlockingQueue blockingQueue = new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(3);
        System.out.println(blockingQueue.add("a"));//true
        System.out.println(blockingQueue.add("b"));//true
        System.out.println(blockingQueue.add("c"));//true
        //队列满了再添加会抛出异常 IllegalStateException: Queue full
        //System.out.println(blockingQueue.add("d"));

        //查看队首元素是谁
        System.out.println(blockingQueue.element());

        System.out.println(blockingQueue.remove());//a
        System.out.println(blockingQueue.remove());//b
        //弹出两个后再查看队首元素是谁
        System.out.println(blockingQueue.element());
        System.out.println(blockingQueue.remove());//c
        //队列空了再取就会抛出异常 NoSuchElementException
        //System.out.println(blockingQueue.remove());
    }
    /*
    有返回值,不抛出异常
     */
    public static void test02(){
        //设置队列大小
        ArrayBlockingQueue blockingQueue = new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(3);
        System.out.println(blockingQueue.offer("a"));//true
        System.out.println(blockingQueue.offer("b"));//true
        System.out.println(blockingQueue.offer("c"));//true

        //查看队首元素是谁
        System.out.println(blockingQueue.peek());

        //队列满了再添加会返回false,不会抛出异常
        System.out.println(blockingQueue.offer("d"));//false
        System.out.println(blockingQueue.poll());//a
        System.out.println(blockingQueue.poll());//b
        //弹出两个后再查看队首元素是谁
        System.out.println(blockingQueue.peek());
        System.out.println(blockingQueue.poll());//c
        //队列空了再取就会返回null,不会抛出异常
        System.out.println(blockingQueue.poll());//null
    }

    /*
    等待，阻塞(一直阻塞)
     */
    public static void test03() throws InterruptedException {
        //设置队列大小
        ArrayBlockingQueue blockingQueue = new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(3);
        blockingQueue.put("a");
        blockingQueue.put("b");
        blockingQueue.put("c");
//        blockingQueue.put("d");//队列没有位置，会一直阻塞

        System.out.println(blockingQueue.take());//a
        System.out.println(blockingQueue.take());//b
        System.out.println(blockingQueue.take());//c
//        System.out.println(blockingQueue.take());//队列空了，会一直阻塞
    }

        /*
    等待，阻塞(等待超时)
     */
        public static void test04() throws InterruptedException {
            //设置队列大小
            ArrayBlockingQueue blockingQueue = new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(3);
            System.out.println(blockingQueue.offer("a"));//true
            System.out.println(blockingQueue.offer("b"));//true
            System.out.println(blockingQueue.offer("c"));//true
            //队列满了再添加先等2S,如果超过2S还没有位置就退出或执行下面的代码
            blockingQueue.offer("d",2, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

            //查看队首元素是谁
            System.out.println(blockingQueue.peek());

            System.out.println(blockingQueue.poll());//a
            System.out.println(blockingQueue.poll());//b
            System.out.println(blockingQueue.poll());//c
            //队列空了再取最多等2S，超过2S没有就退出或执行下面的代码
            blockingQueue.poll(2,TimeUnit.SECONDS);
            System.out.println("==============");
        }

}

SynchronousQueue同步队列
和其他BlockingQueue不一样，SynchronousQueue不存储元素
put一个元素，必须从里面先take出来，否则不能put进去下一个
可以理解为队列长度为1的特殊BlockingQueue

public class SynchronousQueueDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BlockingQueue<String> blockingQueue = new SynchronousQueue<>();
        new Thread(()->{
            try {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"put 1");
                blockingQueue.put("1");
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"put 2");
                blockingQueue.put("2");
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"put 3");
                blockingQueue.put("3");
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        },"T1").start();

        new Thread(()->{
            try {
                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2);
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"=>"+blockingQueue.take());
                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2);
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"=>"+blockingQueue.take());
                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2);
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"=>"+blockingQueue.take());
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        },"T2").start();
    }
}