python字典

字典是一种投影（键 + 值）

>>> dict1 = {'李宁':'一切皆有可能','耐克':'just do it','阿迪达斯':'Impossible is nothin','鱼c工作室':'让编程改变世界'}
>>> print('鱼c工作室的口号是：',dict1['鱼c工作室'])
鱼c工作室的口号是： 让编程改变世界
>>> dict3 = dict([[1,'one'],[2,'two'],[3,'three']])
>>> dict3
{1: 'one', 2: 'two', 3: 'three'}

fromkeys方法

>>> dict1 = {}
>>> dict1.fromkeys((1,2,3))
{1: None, 2: None, 3: None}
>>> dict1.fromkeys((1,2,3),('number'))
{1: 'number', 2: 'number', 3: 'number'}
>>> dict1 = dict1.fromkeys(range(32),'赞')
>>> dict1
{0: '赞', 1: '赞', 2: '赞', 3: '赞', 4: '赞', 5: '赞', 6: '赞', 7: '赞', 8: '赞', 9: '赞', 10: '赞', 11: '赞', 12: '赞', 13: '赞', 14: '赞', 15: '赞', 16: '赞', 17: '赞', 18: '赞', 19: '赞', 20: '赞', 21: '赞', 22: '赞', 23: '赞', 24: '赞', 25: '赞', 26: '赞', 27: '赞', 28: '赞', 29: '赞', 30: '赞', 31: '赞'}
>>> for eachkey in dict1.items():
	print(eachkey)	
(0, '赞')
(1, '赞')
(2, '赞')
>>> for eachkey in dict1:
	print(eachkey)	
0
1
2

get方法

>>> dict1.get(1)
'赞'
>>> dict1.get(40)
>>> dict1.get(40,'无')
'无'
>>> 12 in dict1
True
>>> dict1.clear()
>>> dict1
{}

copy

>>> a = {1:'sss',2:'ddd'}
>>> b = a.copy()
>>> c = a
>>> b
{1: 'sss', 2: 'ddd'}
>>> c
{1: 'sss', 2: 'ddd'}
>>> c[3] = 'hhh'
>>> a
{1: 'sss', 2: 'ddd', 3: 'hhh'}
>>> b
{1: 'sss', 2: 'ddd'}

pop方法

>>> a.popitem()
(3, 'hhh')
>>> a
{1: 'sss', 2: 'ddd'}
>>> a.pop(1)
'sss'
>>> a
{2: 'ddd'}

setdefault方法

>>> a.setdefault(4)
>>> a
{2: 'ddd', 4: None}
>>> a.setdefault(5,'eee')
'eee'
>>> a
{2: 'ddd', 4: None, 5: 'eee'}