int gradeid = Convert.ToInt32(cboGrade.SelectedValue);//？*********这个的类型转换怎么转不了？************

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace myschoolDataSetDemo
{
public partial class frmStudent : Form
{
public frmStudent()
{
InitializeComponent();
}

    private void FrmStudent_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        this.dgvStudent.AutoGenerateColumns = false;   //限制显示多余的列
        BindGrade();  //绑定年级
        BindStudent();//绑定学生
    }
    //连接字符串
    string connString = @"Data Source=WRGHO-20180906C\SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=MySchoolBase;Integrated Security=True";
    DataSet ds = new DataSet();//数据集(  会在电脑里占用内存）
    SqlDataAdapter adapter = null;      //公用对象adapter
    //绑定年级
    public void BindGrade()
    {
        string sql = @"select*from [Grade]";         //数据库查询字符串
        SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connString);//连接
        
        adapter = new SqlDataAdapter(sql, conn);//数据适配器
        try
        {
            adapter.Fill(ds, "grade");//填充数据
            //增加一行，全部
            DataRow row = ds.Tables["grade"].NewRow();
            row[0] = -1;
            row[1] = "全部";
            ds.Tables["Grade"].Rows.InsertAt(row, 0);
            cboGrade.DisplayMember = "GradeName"; //显示的值                                                
            cboGrade.ValueMember = "GradeId";    //实际的值
            cboGrade.DataSource = ds.Tables["Grade"]; //绑定数据源(可以显示数据表）

        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {

            MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
        }


    }

    //  搜索按钮
    private void btnSearch_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
       
        int gradeid = Convert.ToInt32(cboGrade.SelectedValue);//？*********这个的类型转换怎么转不了？************
        string sql = "select StudentNo,StudentName,Sex,BornDate from Student";
        if (gradeid != -1)//如果不是全部，就按年级查询
        {
            sql += "where gradeid=" + gradeid;
        }
       
        SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connString);//连接
      
        adapter = new SqlDataAdapter(sql, conn);//数据适配器
        try
        {
            if (ds.Tables["stu"] != null)
            {
                ds.Tables["stu"].Clear();//清空原有数据
            }
            adapter.Fill(ds, "stu");//填充数据
            dgvStudent.DataSource = ds.Tables["stu"];  //绑定数据源(可以显示数据表）
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);

        }

    }
    //下标改变的事件
    private void cboGrade_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        string gradename = cboGrade.Text;//文本
        int gradeid = Convert.ToInt32(cboGrade.SelectedValue);
         MessageBox.Show("年级id"+gradeid+"年级名称"+gradename);
    }

    //绑定学生
    public void BindStudent()
    {
        string sql = "select StudentNo,StudentName,Sex,BornDate from Student";
        SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connString);//连接
        //DataSet ds = new DataSet();//数据集
        adapter = new SqlDataAdapter(sql, conn);//数据适配器
        try
        {
            adapter.Fill(ds, "stu");//填充数据
            dgvStudent.DataSource = ds.Tables["stu"];  //绑定数据源(可以显示数据表）
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);

        }
    }
    //批量修改
    private void btnsvae_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        //确定是否修改
        DialogResult choice = MessageBox.Show("确定要修改吗？", " 操作提示",
            MessageBoxButtons.YesNo, MessageBoxIcon.Question);
        if (choice == DialogResult.Yes)
        {
            try
            {
                // 使用SqlCommandBuilder builder=new SqlCommander
                SqlCommandBuilder builder = new SqlCommandBuilder(adapter);
                adapter.Update(ds, "stu");
                MessageBox.Show("修改成功！");
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {

                MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
            }
        }

    }
}

}