在分布式场景中,要实现锁如果仅仅通过Synchronized关键字是不行的,因为Synchronized只是在此java进程中进行了上锁。要想实现分布式锁即可采用redission。本文采用nginx反向代理+redission实现扣库存demo。
引入依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.redisson</groupId>
<artifactId>redisson</artifactId>
<version>3.10.6</version>
</dependency>
@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {
@Bean
public RedissonClient getRedisClient() {
Config config = new Config();
config.useSingleServer().setAddress("redis://127.0.0.1:6379").setPassword("123456");
return Redisson.create(config);
}
}
@RestController
public class RedissionController {
@Autowired
RedissonClient redissonClient;
@GetMapping(value = "/getLock")
public String getLock() {
String lockKey = "lock";
String key = "shopKey";
RLock lock = redissonClient.getLock(lockKey);
try {
lock.lock();
RBucket<String> bucket = redissonClient.getBucket(key);
int stock = Integer.parseInt(bucket.get());
if (stock > 0) {
int realStock = stock - 1;
bucket.set(String.valueOf(realStock));
System.out.println("出售成功,剩余:"+ realStock);
return "success";
}else{
System.out.println("剩余库存不足");
return "fail";
}
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
}
操作redis客户端有许多种(jedis,lettuce,redission对比),官方推荐的java客户端如jedis,springboot2.0默认采用的lettuce,以及redission,这里就直接采用redission。而采用redission需要注意的是bucket概念,RBucket对象是一种通用对象桶可以用来存放任类型的对象,它底层是默认采用 FstCodec进行序列化存储,因为需要提前往redis里面录入50库存,如果直接set shopKey 50 ,当调用redissonClient.getBucket(key),会出下面的异常,因为序列化前后的类型不一致。
2019-05-15 13:39:59.973 [redisson-netty-2-3] ERROR o.r.c.h.CommandDecoder [decodeCommand:203] - Unable to decode data. channel: [id: 0x477c5ced, L:/192.168.4.94:57423 - R:10.10.10.43/10.10.10.43:6379], reply: ReplayingDecoderByteBuf(ridx=102, widx=102), command: (GET), params: [Geek:xxxxx:xxxx]
java.io.IOException: java.lang.NullPointerException
at org.nustaq.serialization.FSTObjectInput.readObject(FSTObjectInput.java:247)
at org.redisson.codec.FstCodec$1.decode(FstCodec.java:228)
at org.redisson.client.handler.CommandDecoder.decode(CommandDecoder.java:368)
at org.redisson.client.handler.CommandDecoder.decodeCommand(CommandDecoder.java:200)
at org.redisson.client.handler.CommandDecoder.decode(CommandDecoder.java:140)
at org.redisson.client.handler.CommandDecoder.decode(CommandDecoder.java:115)
at io.netty.handler.codec.ByteToMessageDecoder.decodeRemovalReentryProtection(ByteToMessageDecoder.java:502)
at io.netty.handler.codec.ReplayingDecoder.callDecode(ReplayingDecoder.java:366)
at io.netty.handler.codec.ByteToMessageDecoder.channelRead(ByteToMessageDecoder.java:278)
有两种解决方式
1.一种是直接插入序列化后的结果 那么调用redissonClient.getBucket(key)反序列化类型也是一致的
set shopKey "\xfc\x0250"
2.一种是设置bucket序列化方式然后进行set
redissonClient.getBucket(key, new StringCodec());
set shopKey 50
nginx配置 大部分采用默认配置即可,需要修改的地方已经通过 # //标示出来,配置完成后使用该配置文件启动一下即可。
启动命令 -c 表示启动时使用下面的配置文件,也可以在启动前采用-t命令测试是否配置成功,如果配置成功会显示xx.conf test is successful,然后再启动。
/usr/local/Cellar/nginx/1.21.1/bin/nginx -c /usr/local/Cellar/nginx/1.21.1/.bottle/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
# // 实现一个负载均衡 8081,8082端口依次访问
upstream redisLock{
server 10.254.2.27:8081 weight=1; #ipV4,通过ipconfig命令查看
server 10.254.2.27:8082 weight=1;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
# // 转发到上面配置的upstream
proxy_pass http://redisLock;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
include servers/*;
}
然后idea分别启动8081,8082两个端口,然后访问http://127.0.0.1/getLock即可,这里可以使用jmeter和postman模拟并发请求。