serialVersionUID作用

目录结构

User类

import java.io.Serializable;

public class User implements Serializable{
    private static final long serialVersionUID= 123456L;
    public String name;

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

test01写入

import java.io.*;

public class test01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        User user =new User();
        user.setName("ti 的 name");
        System.out.println(user.toString());
        FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("./user.txt");
        ObjectOutputStream bout = new ObjectOutputStream(out);
        bout.writeObject(user);
        //使用此方法将所有信息从基础缓冲区移动到其目标或清除缓冲区，或者同时执行这两种操作。
        bout.flush();
        bout.close();
        System.out.println("写入完成");
    }


}

test02读出

import java.io.*;

public class test02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
        FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream("./user.txt");
        ObjectInputStream obin = new ObjectInputStream(in);

        User user = (User) obin.readObject();
        obin.close();
        System.out.println(user.toString());
    }

}

运行test01将对象写入文件
运行test02将文件读出转换成对象
可以正常序列化和反序列化

读出前将serialVersionUID改变= 123451L;则会报错：

Exception in thread "main" java.io.InvalidClassException: User; local class incompatible: stream classdesc serialVersionUID = 123456, local class serialVersionUID = 123451

反序列化失败；

serialVersionUID是控制版本号的；确保序列化反序列化的代码一致。