跨平台和Windows系统

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基于Windows开发

HighGUI原生图形用户接口

HighGUI的图形用户输入工具只支持三个基本的交互，即按键、鼠标在图像区域点击、鼠标滚轮。
原始库的工具包的最大优势是它们速度快，使用简单，并且不需要安装额外的库。

使用cv::namedWindow()创建一个窗口

CV_EXPORTS_W void namedWindow(
const String& winname, 
int flags = WINDOW_AUTOSIZE
);

如何销毁一个窗口

CV_EXPORTS_W void destroyWindow(const String& winname);

通过cv::imshow()显示图像

CV_EXPORTS_W void imshow(
const String& winname, //Name of the window.
InputArray mat         //Image to be shown
);

更新窗口和cv::waitKey()函数

//Delay in milliseconds. 0 is the special value that means "forever"
CV_EXPORTS_W int waitKey(int delay = 0);

一个展示图像的例子

代码

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;
static void help(char** argv) {
	cout << "\n"
		<< "Create a window and display an image\nCall:\n"
		<< argv[0] << " image\n"
		<< endl;
}

static void test() {
	// Create a named window with the name of the file
	//
	string winname = "xiaojiejie";
	string path = "renwu1.jpg";
	cv::namedWindow(winname, cv::WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	// Load the image from the given filename
	//
	cv::Mat img = cv::imread(path);

	// Show the image in the named window
	//
	cv::imshow(winname, img);
	// Idle until the user hits the Esc key
	//
	cv::waitKey(); //Any key will end the program
	// Clean up and don't be piggies
	//
	cv::destroyWindow(winname);
	exit(0);
}

int main(int argc, char** argv) {
	// Document the interface
	help(argv);
	test();
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

结果

鼠标事件

鼠标事件是通过更加传统的回调函数机制来完成。

typedef void (*MouseCallback)(
int event,   //one of the cv::MouseEventTypes constants.
int x,       //The x-coordinate of the mouse event.
int y,       //The y-coordinate of the mouse event.
int flags,   //one of the cv::MouseEventFlags constants.
void* userdata //The optional parameter.
);

CV_EXPORTS void setMouseCallback(
const String& winname,    //Name of the window.
MouseCallback onMouse,    //Callback function for mouse events. See OpenCV samples on how to specify and use the callback.
void* userdata = 0        //The optional parameter passed to the callback.
);

使用鼠标回调完成绘制方框的小程序

结果

代码

// Example 9-2. Toy program for using a mouse to draw boxes on the screen
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>

// Define our callback which we will install for
// mouse events
//
void my_mouse_callback(int event, int x, int y, int flags, void* param);
cv::Rect box;
bool drawing_box = false;

// A little subroutine to draw a box onto an image
//
void draw_box(cv::Mat& img, cv::Rect box) {
	cv::rectangle(img,box.tl(),box.br(),
		cv::Scalar(0x00, 0x00, 0xff)    /* red */
	);
}
static void help(char** argv) {
	std::cout << "Example 9-2. Toy program for using a mouse to draw boxes on the screen"
		<< "\nCall:\n" << argv[0] <<
		"\n\nshows how to use a mouse to draw regions in an image. Esc to quit\n" << std::endl;
}

static void test() {
	box = cv::Rect(-1, -1, 0, 0);
	cv::Mat image(200, 200, CV_8UC3), temp;
	image.copyTo(temp);
	box = cv::Rect(-1, -1, 0, 0);
	image = cv::Scalar::all(0);
	cv::namedWindow("Box Example");
	// Here is the crucial moment where we actually install
	// the callback. Note that we set the value of 'params' to
	// be the image we are working with so that the callback
	// will have the image to edit.
	//
	cv::setMouseCallback(
		"Box Example",
		my_mouse_callback,
		(void*)&image
	);
	// The main program loop. Here we copy the working image
	// to the temp image, and if the user is drawing, then
	// put the currently contemplated box onto that temp image.
	// Display the temp image, and wait 15ms for a keystroke,
	// then repeat.
	//
	for (;;) {
		image.copyTo(temp);
		if (drawing_box) draw_box(temp, box);
		cv::imshow("Box Example", temp);
		if (cv::waitKey(15) == 27) break;
	}
}

int main(int argc, char** argv) {
	help(argv);
	test();
	return 0;
}

// This is our mouse callback. If the user
// presses the left button, we start a box.
// When the user releases that button, then we
// add the box to the current image. When the
// mouse is dragged (with the button down) we
// resize the box.
//
void my_mouse_callback(int event, int x, int y, int flags, void* param)
{
	cv::Mat& image = *(cv::Mat*) param;
	switch (event) {
	case cv::EVENT_MOUSEMOVE: {
		if (drawing_box) {
			box.width = x - box.x;
			box.height = y - box.y;
		}
	}
							  break;
	case cv::EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN: {
		drawing_box = true;
		box = cv::Rect(x, y, 0, 0);
	}
								break;
	case cv::EVENT_LBUTTONUP: {
		drawing_box = false;
		if (box.width < 0) {

			box.x += box.width;
			box.width *= -1;
		}
		if (box.height < 0) {
			box.y += box.height;
			box.height *= -1;
		}
		draw_box(image, box);
	}
							  break;
	}
}

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滑动条、滚动条和开关

HighGUI中提供了一个方便的滑动条(slider)单元。

//Example 9-3. Using a trackbar to create a “switch” that the user can turn on and off;
//this program plays a video and uses the switch to create a pause functionality
//
// An example program in which the user can draw boxes on the screen.
//
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
//
// Using a trackbar to create a "switch" that the user can turn on and off.
// We make this value global so everyone can see it.
//
int g_switch_value = 1;
void switch_off_function() { cout << "Pause\n"; }; //YOU COULD DO MORE
void switch_on_function() { cout << "Run\n"; };

// This will be the callback that we give to the trackbar.
//
void switch_callback(int position, void*) {
	if (position == 0) {
		switch_off_function();
	}
	else {
		switch_on_function();
	}
}

static void help(char ** argv) {
	cout << "Example 9-3. Using a trackbar to create a “switch” that the user can turn on and off"
		<< "\n this program plays a video and uses the switch to create a pause functionality."
		<< "\n\nCall:\n" << argv[0] << " <path/video_file>"
		<< "\n\nShows putting a pause button in a video; Esc to quit\n" << endl;
}


static void test()
{
	cv::Mat frame; // To hold movie images
	cv::VideoCapture g_capture;
	g_capture.open("video1.avi");

	// Name the main window
	//
	cv::namedWindow("Example", 1);

	// Create the trackbar. We give it a name,
	// and tell it the name of the parent window.
	//
	cv::createTrackbar(
		"Switch",
		"Example",
		&g_switch_value,
		1,
		switch_callback
	);

	// This will cause OpenCV to idle until
	// someone hits the Esc key.
	//
	for (;;) {
		if (g_switch_value) {
			g_capture >> frame;
			if (frame.empty()) break;
			cv::imshow("Example", frame);
		}
		if (cv::waitKey(10) == 27) break; //esc
	}
}
int main(int argc, char** argv) {

	help(argv);
	test();
	return 0;
}