Java下的文件上传

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1、JavaWeb下的文件上传

package com.tangxiao.controller;

import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.ProgressListener;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;

public class FileServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        try {
        //判断上传的文件是普通表单还是带文件的表单
        if (!ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(req)) {
            return;//方法终止运行，说明这是一个普通的表单，直接返回
        }

        //创建上传文件的保存路径，建议在WEB-INF路径下，安全，用户无法直接访问上传的文件
        String uploadPath = req.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/upload");
        File uploadFile = new File(uploadPath);
        if (!uploadFile.exists()) {
            uploadFile.mkdir();
        }

        //缓存，临时文件
        //临时路径，加入文件超过了预期的大小，我们就把他放到一个临时文件中，过几天自动删除，或者提醒用户转存为永久
        String tmpPath = req.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/tmp");
        File tmpFile = new File(tmpPath);
        if (!tmpFile.exists()) {
            tmpFile.mkdir();
        }

        //处理上传的文件，一般都需要通过流来获取，我们可以使用req.getInputStream()，原生态的文件上传流获取，十分麻烦
        //但是我们都建议使用Apache的文件上传组件来实现，common-fileupload,它需要依赖于commons-io
        /*
            ServletFileUpload负责处理上传的文件数据，并将表单中的每个输入项目封装成一个FileItem对象
            在使用ServletFileUpload对象解析请求时需要DiskFileItemFactory对象。
            所以，我们需要在进行解析工作前构造好DiskFileItemFactory对象，
            通过ServletFileUpload对象的构造方法或setFileItemFactory()方法设置ServletFileUpload对象的fileItemFactory属性
         */

        //1.创建DiskFileItemFactory对象，处理文件上传路径或者大小限制的：
        DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
        //通过这个工厂设置一个缓冲区，当上传的文件大于这个缓冲区的时候，将它放到临时文件中
        factory.setSizeThreshold(10 * 1024 * 1024);//缓存区大小为10M
        factory.setRepository(tmpFile);//临时目录的保存目录，需要一个file

        //2.获取ServletFileUpload
        ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);

        //监听文件上传进度
        upload.setProgressListener(new ProgressListener() {
            //pByteRead:已经读取到的文件大小
            //pContentLength:文件大小
            public void update(long pBytesRead, long pContentLength, int pItems) {
                //设置进度条
                double processNumber = (double)pBytesRead / pContentLength;
                String processNumberStr = String.format("%.2f",processNumber);
                System.out.println("总大小：" + pContentLength + "已上传：" + pBytesRead + "  进度：" + (int)(Double.valueOf(processNumberStr)*100) + "%");
            }
        });

        //处理乱码问题
        upload.setHeaderEncoding("UTF-8");
        //设置单个文件的最大值
        upload.setFileSizeMax(150 * 1024 * 1024);
        //设置总共能够上传的文件大小
        upload.setSizeMax(200 * 1024 * 1024);


        //3.处理上传的文件
        //把前端请求解析，封装成一个FileItem对象，需要从ServletFileUpload对象中获取
            List<FileItem> fileItems = upload.parseRequest(req);
            for (FileItem fileItem : fileItems) {
                //判断上传的文件是普通表单还是带文件的表单
                if (fileItem.isFormField()) {
                    //getFieldName值得是前端表单空间的Name
                    String name = fileItem.getFieldName();
                    String value = fileItem.getString("UTF-8");//处理乱码
                    System.out.println(name + ":" + value);
                }else {
                    //文件
                    //==============================处理文件=====================================
                    String uploadFileName = fileItem.getName();
                    System.out.println(uploadFileName);
                    //可能存在文件名不合法的情况
                    if (uploadFileName.trim().equals("") || uploadFileName == null) {
                        continue;
                    }
                    //获得上传的文件名
//                    String fileName = uploadFileName.substring(uploadFileName.lastIndexOf("\\") + 1);
                    //获得文件的后缀名
//                    String fileExtName = uploadFileName.substring(uploadFileName.lastIndexOf(".") + 1);
                    /*
                        如果文件后缀名 fileExtName 不是我们所需要的
                        就直接return， 不处理， 告诉用户文件类型不对。
                     */
                    String uuidPath = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
                    //==============================存放地址=====================================
                    //存到哪？ uploadPath
                    //文件真实存在的luj realPath
                    String realPath = uploadPath + "/" + uuidPath;
                    //给每个文件创建一个对应的文件夹
                    File realPathFile = new File(realPath);
                    if (!realPathFile.exists()) {
                        realPathFile.mkdir();
                    }
                    //==============================文件传输=====================================
                    //获得文件上传的流
                    InputStream inputStream = fileItem.getInputStream();
                    //创建一个文件输出流
                    //realPath = 真实的文件夹
                    FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(realPath + "/" + uploadFileName);
                    //创建一个缓冲区
                    byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024];
                    //判断是否读取完毕
                    int len;
                    while((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
                        fos.write(buffer,0,len);
                        fos.flush();;
                    }
                    //关闭流
                    fos.close();
                    inputStream.close();

                    System.out.println("文件上传成功！");
                    //上传成功，清除临时文件
                    fileItem.delete();
                }
            }
        } catch (FileUploadException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: TX
  Date: 2021/8/4
  Time: 18:20
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>$Title$</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/upload.do" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
        上传用户：<input type="text" name="username"> <br>
        <p><input type="file" name="file1" ></p>
        <p><input type="file" name="file2" ></p>
        <p><input type="submit" value="提交"> | <input type="reset" value="清空"></p>
    </form>
  </body>
</html>

2、Spring下的文件的上传和下载

2.1、pom.xml文件下的依赖

dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.3</version>
        </dependency>
<!--        最新的 servlet-api 它具有 request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/");功能-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.1</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

2.2、applicationContext.xml下的配置

 <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.tangxiao.controller"/>

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

<!--    文件上传配置-->
    <bean  name="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
    </bean>

2.3、文件上传工具类 FileUtils

package com.tangxiao.utils;

import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartFile;

import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.UUID;

public class FileUtils {

    public static void fileUpload(CommonsMultipartFile file, HttpServletRequest request, String fileFolder) throws IOException {
        //1.随机生成文件名
        //获取上传的文件名后，截取文件名后的类型（如：.jpg .png）
        String fileType = file.getOriginalFilename().substring(file.getOriginalFilename().lastIndexOf("."));
        //将文件类型与随机生成的字符串组合生成新的文件名
        String fileName = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replaceAll("-","") + fileType;
        //2.获取文件的保存路径和文件夹
        String realPath = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/"+fileFolder);
        File filePath = new File(realPath);
        //如果文件夹不存在在的话，将会新创建文件夹
        if(!filePath.exists()) {
            filePath.mkdir();
        }
        //3.将上传文件传输到指定路径下的文件夹保存
        file.transferTo(new File(filePath + "/" + fileName));
    }

    public static void fileDownload(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, String fileFolder) throws IOException {
        //1.获取需要下载的文件名
        String filename = request.getParameter("filename");
        //2.获取文件的下载路径
        String realPath = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/" + fileFolder);
        //3.设置response响应头
        response.reset();;
        response.setContentType("multipart/form-data");//二进制传输数据
        response.setHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;fileName="+ URLEncoder.encode(filename,"UTF-8"));
        //4.创建FileInputStream读取指定文件
        File file = new File(realPath, filename);
        FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);
        //5.创建缓存区
        int len;
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        //6.resp获取OutStream流去写出文件
        ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
        while((len = in.read(buffer)) != -1) {
            out.write(buffer,0,len);
            out.flush();
        }
        out.close();
        in.close();
    }
}

2.4、FileController

package com.tangxiao.controller;

import com.tangxiao.utils.FileUtils;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartFile;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;



@Controller
@RequestMapping("/file")
public class FileController {

// 文件上传
   @RequestMapping("/upload")
    public String fileUpload(@RequestParam("file") CommonsMultipartFile file, HttpServletRequest request)  {
       //开始时间
       long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
       //调用文件上传工具类
       try {
           FileUtils.fileUpload(file,request,"video");
       } catch (IOException e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
       }
       //结束时间
       long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
       System.out.println("文件上传共耗时：" + (endTime-startTime) + "毫秒");
       return "redirect:/upload.jsp";
   }

//   文件下载
    @RequestMapping("/download")
    public String fileDownload(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)  {
        try {
            FileUtils.fileDownload(request,response,"picture");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return  null;
    }

}

2.5、文件上传下载jsp页面

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: TX
  Date: 2021/8/3
  Time: 21:56
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>文件上传</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/file/upload" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
        <input type="file" name="file">
        <input type="submit" value="上传">
    </form>
</body>
</html>

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: TX
  Date: 2021/8/3
  Time: 22:52
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>文件下载</title>
</head>
<body>
    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/file/download?filename=美女.png">文件下载</a>
</body>
</html>