文章源自于b站up主 遇见狂神说 的视频教学文档
1、JavaWeb下的文件上传
package com.tangxiao.controller;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.ProgressListener;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;
public class FileServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
try {
//判断上传的文件是普通表单还是带文件的表单
if (!ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(req)) {
return;//方法终止运行,说明这是一个普通的表单,直接返回
}
//创建上传文件的保存路径,建议在WEB-INF路径下,安全,用户无法直接访问上传的文件
String uploadPath = req.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/upload");
File uploadFile = new File(uploadPath);
if (!uploadFile.exists()) {
uploadFile.mkdir();
}
//缓存,临时文件
//临时路径,加入文件超过了预期的大小,我们就把他放到一个临时文件中,过几天自动删除,或者提醒用户转存为永久
String tmpPath = req.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/tmp");
File tmpFile = new File(tmpPath);
if (!tmpFile.exists()) {
tmpFile.mkdir();
}
//处理上传的文件,一般都需要通过流来获取,我们可以使用req.getInputStream(),原生态的文件上传流获取,十分麻烦
//但是我们都建议使用Apache的文件上传组件来实现,common-fileupload,它需要依赖于commons-io
/*
ServletFileUpload负责处理上传的文件数据,并将表单中的每个输入项目封装成一个FileItem对象
在使用ServletFileUpload对象解析请求时需要DiskFileItemFactory对象。
所以,我们需要在进行解析工作前构造好DiskFileItemFactory对象,
通过ServletFileUpload对象的构造方法或setFileItemFactory()方法设置ServletFileUpload对象的fileItemFactory属性
*/
//1.创建DiskFileItemFactory对象,处理文件上传路径或者大小限制的:
DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
//通过这个工厂设置一个缓冲区,当上传的文件大于这个缓冲区的时候,将它放到临时文件中
factory.setSizeThreshold(10 * 1024 * 1024);//缓存区大小为10M
factory.setRepository(tmpFile);//临时目录的保存目录,需要一个file
//2.获取ServletFileUpload
ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
//监听文件上传进度
upload.setProgressListener(new ProgressListener() {
//pByteRead:已经读取到的文件大小
//pContentLength:文件大小
public void update(long pBytesRead, long pContentLength, int pItems) {
//设置进度条
double processNumber = (double)pBytesRead / pContentLength;
String processNumberStr = String.format("%.2f",processNumber);
System.out.println("总大小:" + pContentLength + "已上传:" + pBytesRead + " 进度:" + (int)(Double.valueOf(processNumberStr)*100) + "%");
}
});
//处理乱码问题
upload.setHeaderEncoding("UTF-8");
//设置单个文件的最大值
upload.setFileSizeMax(150 * 1024 * 1024);
//设置总共能够上传的文件大小
upload.setSizeMax(200 * 1024 * 1024);
//3.处理上传的文件
//把前端请求解析,封装成一个FileItem对象,需要从ServletFileUpload对象中获取
List<FileItem> fileItems = upload.parseRequest(req);
for (FileItem fileItem : fileItems) {
//判断上传的文件是普通表单还是带文件的表单
if (fileItem.isFormField()) {
//getFieldName值得是前端表单空间的Name
String name = fileItem.getFieldName();
String value = fileItem.getString("UTF-8");//处理乱码
System.out.println(name + ":" + value);
}else {
//文件
//==============================处理文件=====================================
String uploadFileName = fileItem.getName();
System.out.println(uploadFileName);
//可能存在文件名不合法的情况
if (uploadFileName.trim().equals("") || uploadFileName == null) {
continue;
}
//获得上传的文件名
// String fileName = uploadFileName.substring(uploadFileName.lastIndexOf("\\") + 1);
//获得文件的后缀名
// String fileExtName = uploadFileName.substring(uploadFileName.lastIndexOf(".") + 1);
/*
如果文件后缀名 fileExtName 不是我们所需要的
就直接return, 不处理, 告诉用户文件类型不对。
*/
String uuidPath = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
//==============================存放地址=====================================
//存到哪? uploadPath
//文件真实存在的luj realPath
String realPath = uploadPath + "/" + uuidPath;
//给每个文件创建一个对应的文件夹
File realPathFile = new File(realPath);
if (!realPathFile.exists()) {
realPathFile.mkdir();
}
//==============================文件传输=====================================
//获得文件上传的流
InputStream inputStream = fileItem.getInputStream();
//创建一个文件输出流
//realPath = 真实的文件夹
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(realPath + "/" + uploadFileName);
//创建一个缓冲区
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024];
//判断是否读取完毕
int len;
while((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
fos.write(buffer,0,len);
fos.flush();;
}
//关闭流
fos.close();
inputStream.close();
System.out.println("文件上传成功!");
//上传成功,清除临时文件
fileItem.delete();
}
}
} catch (FileUploadException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: TX
Date: 2021/8/4
Time: 18:20
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>$Title$</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/upload.do" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
上传用户:<input type="text" name="username"> <br>
<p><input type="file" name="file1" ></p>
<p><input type="file" name="file2" ></p>
<p><input type="submit" value="提交"> | <input type="reset" value="清空"></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>
2、Spring下的文件的上传和下载
2.1、pom.xml文件下的依赖
dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 最新的 servlet-api 它具有 request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/");功能-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
2.2、applicationContext.xml下的配置
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<context:component-scan base-package="com.tangxiao.controller"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!-- 文件上传配置-->
<bean name="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
</bean>
2.3、文件上传工具类 FileUtils
package com.tangxiao.utils;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartFile;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.UUID;
public class FileUtils {
public static void fileUpload(CommonsMultipartFile file, HttpServletRequest request, String fileFolder) throws IOException {
//1.随机生成文件名
//获取上传的文件名后,截取文件名后的类型(如:.jpg .png)
String fileType = file.getOriginalFilename().substring(file.getOriginalFilename().lastIndexOf("."));
//将文件类型与随机生成的字符串组合生成新的文件名
String fileName = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replaceAll("-","") + fileType;
//2.获取文件的保存路径和文件夹
String realPath = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/"+fileFolder);
File filePath = new File(realPath);
//如果文件夹不存在在的话,将会新创建文件夹
if(!filePath.exists()) {
filePath.mkdir();
}
//3.将上传文件传输到指定路径下的文件夹保存
file.transferTo(new File(filePath + "/" + fileName));
}
public static void fileDownload(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, String fileFolder) throws IOException {
//1.获取需要下载的文件名
String filename = request.getParameter("filename");
//2.获取文件的下载路径
String realPath = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/" + fileFolder);
//3.设置response响应头
response.reset();;
response.setContentType("multipart/form-data");//二进制传输数据
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;fileName="+ URLEncoder.encode(filename,"UTF-8"));
//4.创建FileInputStream读取指定文件
File file = new File(realPath, filename);
FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);
//5.创建缓存区
int len;
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
//6.resp获取OutStream流去写出文件
ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
while((len = in.read(buffer)) != -1) {
out.write(buffer,0,len);
out.flush();
}
out.close();
in.close();
}
}
2.4、FileController
package com.tangxiao.controller;
import com.tangxiao.utils.FileUtils;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartFile;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/file")
public class FileController {
// 文件上传
@RequestMapping("/upload")
public String fileUpload(@RequestParam("file") CommonsMultipartFile file, HttpServletRequest request) {
//开始时间
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
//调用文件上传工具类
try {
FileUtils.fileUpload(file,request,"video");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//结束时间
long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("文件上传共耗时:" + (endTime-startTime) + "毫秒");
return "redirect:/upload.jsp";
}
// 文件下载
@RequestMapping("/download")
public String fileDownload(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
try {
FileUtils.fileDownload(request,response,"picture");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
}
2.5、文件上传下载jsp页面
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: TX
Date: 2021/8/3
Time: 21:56
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>文件上传</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/file/upload" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
<input type="file" name="file">
<input type="submit" value="上传">
</form>
</body>
</html>
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: TX
Date: 2021/8/3
Time: 22:52
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>文件下载</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/file/download?filename=美女.png">文件下载</a>
</body>
</html>