Tomcat 服务器是一个免费的开放源代码的Web 应用服务器,属于轻量级应用服务器,因为其 技术先进、性能稳定,而且免费,因而深受Java 爱好者的喜爱并得到了部分软件开发商的认可。
tomcat基于Java语言,故需先安装jdk
安装jdk
现在比较流行的jdk版本为1.8,以下以安装jdk1.8为例:
设置变量jdk,值为jdk1.8的rpm包的包名
jdk="jdk-8u201-linux-x64.rpm"
使用rpm命令,安装jdk1.8
rpm -ivh $jdk
warning: jdk-8u201-linux-x64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID ec551f03: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:jdk1.8-2000:1.8.0_201-fcs ################################# [100%]
Unpacking JAR files...
tools.jar...
plugin.jar...
javaws.jar...
deploy.jar...
rt.jar...
jsse.jar...
charsets.jar...
localedata.jar...
设置Java环境变量
JAVA_HOME=`find / -depth -name "*jdk1.8*"`
将JAVA_HOME变量的值设置为jdk的安装位置
修改/etc/profile文件,添加Java环境
echo "export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_HOME" >> /etc/profile
echo 'export CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar' >> /etc/profile
echo 'export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH' >> /etc/profile
重新加载/etc/profile
source /etc/profile
测试jdk是否安装成功
java -version
java version "1.8.0_201"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_201-b09)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.201-b09, mixed mode)
能正常得到Java版本,安装成功
安装tomcat
tomcat的安装相对nginx和apache,安装相对简单,只要解压就能用
设置变量,tomcat的gz包的名称和它的安装路径
tomcat_package="apache-tomcat-9.0.16.tar.gz"
install_dir="/usr/local/"
解压tomcat的gz包到安装路径
tar -xf $tomcat_package -C $install_dir
ls /usr/local | grep tomcat
apache-tomcat-9.0.16
因为安装目录为/usr/local/下的apache-tomcat-9.0.16
故更新变量install_dir
install_dir=$install_dir/`ls $install_dir | grep tomcat`
这样变量install_dir的值为/usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16
tomcat优化启动
进入安装目录,先备份配置文件
cp jre/lib/security/java.security jre/lib/security/java.security.bak
修改配置文件,将securerandom.source的值修改为file:/dev/urandom
sed -i "/^securerandom.source/s,=.*,=file:/dev/urandom," jre/lib/security/java.security
启动tomcat
进入安装目录下的bin目录,里面放着启动文件
cd bin/
./startup.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_201-amd64
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.
查看tomcat进程
netstat -antp | grep java
tcp6 0 0 :::8080 :::* LISTEN 40551/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:8005 :::* LISTEN 40551/java
tcp6 0 0 :::8009 :::* LISTEN 40551/java
启动成功
配置tomcat虚拟主机
修改配置文件
pwd
/usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16/bin
vim ../conf/server.xml
按以下模板将虚拟主机添加到下面
<Host name="www.test.com" appBase="webapps" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
<Context docBase="/usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16/webapps/test" path="" reloadable="true" />
</Host>
创建站点文件
cd webapps/
ls
docs examples host-manager manager ROOT test
ls test/
index.html
重启tomcat服务,到安装目录下的bin目录使用关闭和开启脚本
./shutdown.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_201-amd64
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
./startup.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_201-amd64
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.
用浏览器访问tomcat新添加的虚拟机站点
虚拟站点到此配置成功!