tomcat安装+虚拟主机配置

Tomcat 服务器是一个免费的开放源代码的Web 应用服务器，属于轻量级应用服务器，因为其 技术先进、性能稳定，而且免费，因而深受Java 爱好者的喜爱并得到了部分软件开发商的认可。

tomcat基于Java语言，故需先安装jdk

安装jdk

现在比较流行的jdk版本为1.8，以下以安装jdk1.8为例：

设置变量jdk，值为jdk1.8的rpm包的包名

jdk="jdk-8u201-linux-x64.rpm"

使用rpm命令，安装jdk1.8

rpm -ivh $jdk
warning: jdk-8u201-linux-x64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID ec551f03: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:jdk1.8-2000:1.8.0_201-fcs        ################################# [100%]
Unpacking JAR files...
	tools.jar...
	plugin.jar...
	javaws.jar...
	deploy.jar...
	rt.jar...
	jsse.jar...
	charsets.jar...
	localedata.jar...

设置Java环境变量

JAVA_HOME=`find / -depth  -name "*jdk1.8*"`

将JAVA_HOME变量的值设置为jdk的安装位置

修改/etc/profile文件，添加Java环境

echo "export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_HOME" >> /etc/profile
echo 'export CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar' >> /etc/profile
echo 'export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH'  >> /etc/profile

重新加载/etc/profile

source /etc/profile

测试jdk是否安装成功

java -version
java version "1.8.0_201"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_201-b09)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.201-b09, mixed mode)

能正常得到Java版本，安装成功

安装tomcat

tomcat的安装相对nginx和apache，安装相对简单，只要解压就能用

设置变量，tomcat的gz包的名称和它的安装路径

tomcat_package="apache-tomcat-9.0.16.tar.gz"
install_dir="/usr/local/"

解压tomcat的gz包到安装路径

tar -xf $tomcat_package -C $install_dir
ls /usr/local | grep tomcat
apache-tomcat-9.0.16

因为安装目录为/usr/local/下的apache-tomcat-9.0.16

故更新变量install_dir

install_dir=$install_dir/`ls $install_dir | grep tomcat`

这样变量install_dir的值为/usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16

tomcat优化启动

进入安装目录，先备份配置文件

cp jre/lib/security/java.security jre/lib/security/java.security.bak

修改配置文件，将securerandom.source的值修改为file:/dev/urandom

sed -i "/^securerandom.source/s,=.*,=file:/dev/urandom," jre/lib/security/java.security

启动tomcat

进入安装目录下的bin目录，里面放着启动文件

cd bin/
./startup.sh 
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_201-amd64
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.

查看tomcat进程

netstat -antp | grep java
tcp6       0      0 :::8080                 :::*                    LISTEN      40551/java          
tcp6       0      0 127.0.0.1:8005          :::*                    LISTEN      40551/java          
tcp6       0      0 :::8009                 :::*                    LISTEN      40551/java          

启动成功

配置tomcat虚拟主机

修改配置文件

pwd
/usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16/bin
vim ../conf/server.xml 

按以下模板将虚拟主机添加到下面

<Host name="www.test.com" appBase="webapps" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
  <Context docBase="/usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16/webapps/test" path="" reloadable="true" />
</Host>

创建站点文件

cd webapps/
ls
docs  examples  host-manager  manager  ROOT  test
ls test/
index.html

重启tomcat服务，到安装目录下的bin目录使用关闭和开启脚本

./shutdown.sh 
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_201-amd64
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
./startup.sh 
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_201-amd64
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.

用浏览器访问tomcat新添加的虚拟机站点

虚拟站点到此配置成功！