coredumctl的使用与gdb调试

打印coredump列表

$ coredumpctl list --since=today
TIME                            PID   UID   GID SIG COREFILE  EXE
Thu 2023-11-09 15:20:26 CST  472593  1008  1008   6 present   /home/xianbingcheng/tmp/app

• PID：出现段错误的进程id，后面调试会用到

• EXE：出现段错误时，运行的程序名

• –since=today：表示只显示今天的coredump信息列表

查看指定PID的core信息

$ coredumpctl dump 472593
           PID: 472593 (app)
           UID: 1008 (hyper)
           GID: 1008 (hyper)
        Signal: 6 (ABRT)
     Timestamp: Thu 2023-11-09 15:20:26 CST (1h 5min ago)
  Command Line: ./app
    Executable: /home/xianbingcheng/tmp/app
 Control Group: /user.slice/user-1008.slice/session-86.scope
          Unit: session-86.scope
         Slice: user-1008.slice
       Session: 86
     Owner UID: 1008 (hyper)
       Boot ID: 41c0e6a2123d46c087c7a4b52b815009
    Machine ID: 2357ebed0c70411da9e2dea46a58bb23
      Hostname: localhost.localdomain
       Storage: /var/lib/systemd/coredump/core.app.1008.41c0e6a2123d46c087c7a4b52b815009.472593.1699514426000000.lz4
       Message: Process 472593 (app) of user 1008 dumped core.

                Stack trace of thread 472593:
                #0  0x00007fa8c2b1a37f raise (libc.so.6)
                #1  0x00007fa8c2b04db5 abort (libc.so.6)
                #2  0x00007fa8c2b5d4e7 __libc_message (libc.so.6)
                #3  0x00007fa8c2b645ec malloc_printerr (libc.so.6)
                #4  0x00007fa8c2b66390 _int_free (libc.so.6)
                #5  0x0000000000400a49 n/a (/home/xianbingcheng/tmp/app)
                #6  0x0000000000400a8b n/a (/home/xianbingcheng/tmp/app)
                #7  0x00007fa8c2b06493 __libc_start_main (libc.so.6)
                #8  0x00000000004008fe n/a (/home/xianbingcheng/tmp/app)

可以看到PID=437990进程崩溃时的相关信息。

利用coredump调试

目标代码：

int func(int* p)
{
  return *p;
}

int main()
{
  int *p = NULL;
  func(p);
  return 0;
}

调试core：

$ coredumpctl gdb 437990
Core was generated by `./app'.
Program terminated with signal 11, Segmentation fault.
#0  0x00000000004006b2 in func(int*) ()
(gdb) bt
#0  0x00000000004006b2 in func(int*) ()
#1  0x00000000004006d2 in main ()

可以看出程序最终是在调用函数func时崩溃的（对空指针进行解引用）。

导出core文件

$ coredumpctl -o core.123 dump 472593
$ ls core.123
core.123

通过上述命令即可生成core文件。