【第一篇】SpringSecurity的入门

1.Spring Security概念

  Spring Security是Spring采用 AOP思想，基于 servlet过滤器实现的安全框架。它提供了完善的认证机制和方法级的授权功能。是一款非常优秀的权限管理框架。

  Spring Security是一个功能强大且高度可定制的身份验证和访问控制框架。它是用于保护基于Spring的应用程序的事实上的标准。

   Spring Security是一个框架，致力于为Java应用程序提供身份验证和授权。像所有Spring项目一样，Spring Security的真正强大之处在于它可以轻松扩展以满足定制需求的能力。

特征

• 对身份验证和授权的全面且可扩展的支持
• 保护免受会话固定，点击劫持，跨站点请求伪造等攻击
• Servlet API集成
• 与Spring Web MVC的可选集成

1.2 快速入门案例

1.2.1 环境准备

  我们准备一个SpringMVC+Spring+jsp的Web环境，然后在这个基础上整合SpringSecurity。

首先创建Web项目

pom文件中,添加相关的依赖

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.11</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.1.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.25</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

添加相关的配置文件

Spring配置文件(applicationContext.xml)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--扫描service层-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.techstone.sec.service" ></context:component-scan>
</beans>

SpringMVC配置文件(spring-mvc.xml)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!--扫描controller层-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.techstone.sec.controller"></context:component-scan>

    <!-- 开启注解扫描 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven ></mvc:annotation-driven>

</beans>

log4j.properties文件

log4j.rootCategory=INFO, stdout

log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=[QC] %p [%t] %C.%M(%L) | %m%n

web.xml (webapp->WEB-INF文件夹下)

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
    "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
    "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app version="2.5" id="WebApp_ID" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">

    <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

    <!-- 初始化spring容器 -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <!-- post乱码过滤器 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!-- 前端控制器 -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!-- contextConfigLocation不是必须的， 如果不配置contextConfigLocation， springmvc的配置文件默认在：WEB-INF/servlet的name+"-servlet.xml" -->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <!-- 拦截所有请求jsp除外 -->
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

pom文件中,添加Tomcat的插件 启动测试

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
                <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <port>8088</port>
                    <path>/</path>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

webapp下,自定义主页面(index.jsp页面)

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<body&g