1.简介
名称 | 方法 | | 功能 |
---|
序列化 | dump(返回dict)dumps(返回json) | obj–>python或json | 将数据对象转化为可存储或可传输的数据类型 |
反序列化 | load;loads | python或json–>obj | 将可存储可传输的的数据类型转化为数据对象 |
2.案例
import datetime as dt
class User:
def __init__(self, name, email):
self.name = name
self.email = email
self.created_time = dt.datetime.now()
from marshmallow import Schema, fields
class UserSchema(Schema):
name = fields.String()
email = fields.Email()
created_time = fields.DateTime()
user = User("lhh","2432783449@qq.com")
schema = UserSchema()
res = schema.dump(user)
res2 = schema.dumps(user)
user_data = {
"name": "lhh",
"email": "2432783449@qq.com",
"created_time": "2021-05-28 20:45:17.418739"
}
schema = UserSchema()
res = schema.load(user_data)
3. 参数
名称 | 示例 | 功能 |
---|
only | UserSchema(only={‘name’,‘email’}) | 指定输出(dump) |
@post_load | | dict -> object |
many | schema = UserSchema(many=True) | 处理多个对象的集合 |
required | name = fields.String(required=True) | 不可或缺字段 |
error_messages | name = fields.String(required=True, error_messages={“required”:“name字段必须的”}) | 自定义required异常信息 |
validate | name = fields.String(validate=lambda name: len(name) < 4) | 自定义验证信息(只会在反序列化时验证) |
@validates | @validates(“name”) | 同validate功能一样 |
partial | 1. schema.load({“email”: ‘@qq.com’}, partial=(“name”,));2. schema.load({“email”: ‘qq.com’}, partial=True) | 方法一只忽略传入partial的字段;方法二忽略除前面传入字段外的所有字段 |
unknown | EXCLUDE:扔掉未知字段;INCLUDE:接受未知字段;RAISE:抛出异常; | 未知字段处理 |
attribute | name = fields.String(attribute=“full_name”) | 设置属性(其他名称序列化) |
load_from | full_name = fields.String(load_from=“name”) | 指定需要增加load的字段名 |
key | full_name = fields.String(data_key=“name”) | 同时满足序列化和反序列化 |
rdered | ordered = True | 排序 |
load_only | password = fields.Str(load_only=True) | 只写 |
dump_only | created_at = fields.DateTime(dump_only=True) | 只读 |
default | birthday = fields.DateTime(default=dt.datetime(1996,11,17)) | 指定序列化默认值 |
missing | id = fields.UUID(missing=uuid.uuid1) | 反序列化默认值 |