2021-05-27

使用Python的列表实现对txt文本的修改，或者替换成指定字符串

代码：

import os
def alter(file,new_str):
    """
    将修改后的字符串写到一个新的文件中，然后将原文件删除，新文件改为原来文件的名字

    file: 文件路径
    new_str: 替换后的新字符串
    return: None
    """
    #list1存放的是原文中想要替换掉的旧字符串，我这个是自己写的，大家可自定义
    list1=['0','1',"2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9",":",".","-->","  ",",","   ","     "]
    with open(file, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f1,open("%s.bak" % file, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f2:
        #使用迭代器遍历
        for line in f1:
            #将列表里要替换掉的字符串逐个使用replace（）进行替换
            for i in range(len(list1)):
                if list1[i] in line:
                    line = line.replace(list1[i], new_str)

            #将修改后的line逐个写到f2中
            f2.write(line)  
       
    os.remove(file)
    os.rename("%s.bak" % file, file)

alter("Test.txt", "新字符串")