【SSM】SpringMVC学习笔记-DAY4

ZhShy23

于 2020-01-17 08:56:24 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43651049/article/details/104013644

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拦截器

一、概述

（一）定义

一种是通过实现 HandlerInterceptor接口或者继承HandlerInterceptor接口的实现类（如HandlerInterceptorAdapter）来定义。
另一种是通过实现 WebRequestInterceptor接口或继承WebRequestInterceptor接口的实现类来定义。

（二）拦截器配置

<!--    配置拦截器-->
    <mvc:interceptors>
<!--        使用Bean直接定义在下面的interceptor将拦截所有请求-->
        <bean class="com.ssm.interceptor.UserInterceptor"/>
<!--        拦截器1-->
        <mvc:interceptor>
<!--            拦截器作用路径-->
            <mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
<!--            不需要拦截器的路径-->
            <mvc:exclude-mapping path=""/>
<!--            对匹配路径才拦截-->
            <bean class="com.ssm.interceptor.Interceptor1"/>
        </mvc:interceptor>
<!--        拦截器2-->
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <mvc:mapping path="/hello"/>
            <bean class="com.ssm.interceptor.Interceptor2"/>
        </mvc:interceptor>
        
    </mvc:interceptors>

二、拦截器执行流程

（一）单个拦截器流程

在这里插入图片描述

示例4-1

创建项目，导包。
配置前端过滤器
创建com.ssm.controller包，创建控制器类HelloController

package com.ssm.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class HelloController {
    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public String hello(){
        System.out.println("HELLO");
        return "success";
    }
}

创建interceptor包，创建UserInterceptor。

package com.ssm.interceptor;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class UserInterceptor  implements HandlerInterceptor {
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1,Object arg2)throws Exception{
        System.out.println("UserInterceptor...preHandle");
        return true;
    }
    
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, ModelAndView arg3)throws Exception{
        System.out.println("UserInterceptor...postHandle");
    }
    
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest arg0,HttpServletResponse arg1,Object arg2,Exception arg3)throws Exception{
        System.out.println("UserInterceptor...afterCompletion");
    }
}

创建SpringMVC配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context               
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx  
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
">
    <!-- 指定需要扫描的包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.ssm.controller"/>
    
    <!--    定义视图解析器-->
    <bean id="viewResoler" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!--    设置前提-->
        <property name="prefix" value="/jsp/"/>
        <!--    设置后缀-->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

    <!--    配置拦截器-->
    <mvc:interceptors>
        <!--        使用Bean直接定义在下面的interceptor将拦截所有请求-->
        <bean class="com.ssm.interceptor.UserInterceptor"/>

    </mvc:interceptors>


</beans>

创建jsp文件夹，建立success.jsp页面

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
成功！
</body>
</html>

启动项目

（二）多个拦截器执行流程

在这里插入图片描述

示例4-2

创建两个拦截器类Interceptor1和Interceptor2

package com.ssm.interceptor;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class Interceptor1 implements HandlerInterceptor {
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2)throws Exception{
        System.out.println("UserInterceptor1...preHandle");
        return true;
    }

    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, ModelAndView arg3)throws Exception{
        System.out.println("UserInterceptor1...postHandle");
    }

    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest arg0,HttpServletResponse arg1,Object arg2,Exception arg3)throws Exception{
        System.out.println("UserInterceptor1...afterCompletion");
    }
}

package com.ssm.interceptor;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class Interceptor2 implements HandlerInterceptor {
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1,Object arg2)throws Exception{
        System.out.println("UserInterceptor2...preHandle");
        return true;
    }

    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, ModelAndView arg3)throws Exception{
        System.out.println("UserInterceptor2...postHandle");
    }

    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, Exception arg3)throws Exception{
        System.out.println("UserInterceptor2...afterCompletion");
    }
}

在SpringMVC配置文件中配置两个拦截器

        <!--        拦截器1-->
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <!--            拦截器作用路径-->
            <mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
            <!--            对匹配路径才拦截-->
            <bean class="com.ssm.interceptor.Interceptor1"/>
        </mvc:interceptor>
        
        <!--        拦截器2-->
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <mvc:mapping path="/hello"/>
            <bean class="com.ssm.interceptor.Interceptor2"/>
        </mvc:interceptor>

启动项目

(三）案例——用户登录权限验证

在这里插入图片描述

1、创建po包，User类

package com.ssm.po;

public class User {
    private Integer id;
    private String username;
    private String password;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }
}

2、创建UserController

package com.ssm.controller;

import com.ssm.po.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

@Controller
public class UserController {
//    向用户登录页面跳转
    @RequestMapping(value = "/toLogin",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String toLogin(){
        return "login";
    }

//    用户登录
    @RequestMapping(value = "/login",method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String login(User user, Model model, HttpSession session){
        String username = user.getUsername();
        String password = user.getPassword();
        
//        模拟从数据库获取数据判断
        if (username!=null && username.equals("zhangsan")){
            if (password!=null && password.equals("123456")){
//                用户存在，保存session，复位到主页
                session.setAttribute("user_session",user);
                return "redirect:main";
            }
        }
//        用户不存在，添加错误消息，跳转登录页面
        model.addAttribute("msg","用户名或密码错误");
        return "login";
    }
    
//    向管理主页跳转
    @RequestMapping(value = "/main")
    public String toMain(){
        return "main";
    }
    
//    退出
    @RequestMapping(value = "logout")
    public String logout(HttpSession session){
        session.invalidate();;
        return "redirect:toLogin";
    }
}

3.创建拦截器LoginInterceptor

package com.ssm.interceptor;

import com.ssm.po.User;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

public class LoginInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        //获取url
        String url=request.getRequestURI();
        //允许公开访问toLogin
        if(url.indexOf("/toLogin")>=0){
            return true;
        }
        //允许公开访问Login
        if (url.indexOf("/login")>=0){
            return true;
        }
        //获取session
        HttpSession session=request.getSession();
        User user= (User) session.getAttribute("user_session");
        //user不为空表示已登录
        if(user!=null){
            return true;
        }
        //user为空未登录
        request.setAttribute("msg","请先登录");
        request.getRequestDispatcher("/jsp/login.jsp").forward(request,response);

        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {

    }

    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {

    }
}

4、配置拦截器

        <mvc:interceptor>
            <mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
            <bean class="com.ssm.interceptor.LoginInterceptor"/>
        </mvc:interceptor>

5.创建main.jsp


<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>管理主页</title>
</head>
<body>
当前用户信息：${user_session.username}
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/logout">退出</a>
</body>
</html>

6.创建login.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>用户登录</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/login" method="post">
    登录名：<input type="text" name="username" id="username"><br>
    密码：<input type="password" name="password" id="password"><br>
    <input type="submit" value="登录"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>

7、启动项目

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【SSM】SpringMVC学习笔记-DAY4

拦截器一、概述（一）定义一种是通过实现 HandlerInterceptor接口或者继承HandlerInterceptor接口的实现类（如HandlerInterceptorAdapter）来定义。另一种是通过实现 WebRequestInterceptor接口或继承WebRequestInterceptor接口的实现类来定义。（二）拦截器配置<!-- 配置拦截器--...
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