Sturts之OGNL

OGNL

简介
1 OGNL的全称是Object Graph Navigation Language(对象图导航语言)，它是一种强大的表达式语言
2 OgnlContext(ongl上下文)其实就是Map
OgnlContext=根对象(1)+非根对象(N)
非根对象要通过"#key"访问，根对象可以省略"#key"
注：context:英文原意上下文，环境/容器

重点：
1、一个上下文中只有一个根对象
2、取跟对象的值，只需要直接通过根对象属性即可
3、非根对象取值必须通过指定的上下文容器中的#key.属性去取。
4、ActionContext一次请求创建一次
5、值栈取值从上往下，取到为止，如果已经拿到，不再往下找。

导入以下的类：

实体类Student.java

package com.xwt.one.test;

public class Student {
 private String name;
 private String number;
 
 public Student() {
  super();
 }
 
 public Student(String name, String number) {
  super();
  this.name = name;
  this.number = number;
 }
 
 public String getName() {
  return name;
 }
 public void setName(String name) {
  this.name = name;
 }
 public String getNumber() {
  return number;
 }
 public void setNumber(String number) {
  this.number = number;
 }
 
 @Override
 public String toString() {
  return "Student [name=" + name + ", number=" + number + "]";
 }
}

Employee .java

package com.xwt.one.test;

public class Employee {
 private String name;
 private Address address;
 private Integer salary;
 
 public Employee() {
  super();
 }
 
 public Employee(String name, Integer salary) {
  super();
  this.name = name;
  this.salary = salary;
 }
 
 public Integer getSalary() {
  return salary;
 }
 public void setSalary(Integer salary) {
  this.salary = salary;
 }
 public String getName() {
  return name;
 }
 public void setName(String name) {
  this.name = name;
 }
 public Address getAddress() {
  return address;
 }
 public void setAddress(Address address) {
  this.address = address;
 }
 
 @Override
 public String toString() {
  return "Employee [name=" + name + ", address=" + address + ", salary=" + salary + "]";
 }
}

Manager .java

package com.xwt.one.test;

public class Manager {
 private String name;
 
 public Manager() {
  super();
 }
 
 public String getName() {
  return name;
 }
 public void setName(String name) {
  this.name = name;
 }
 
 @Override
 public String toString() {
  return "Manager [name=" + name + "]";
 }
}

工具类OgnlException.java

package com.xwt.one.test;
import ognl.Ognl;
import ognl.OgnlContext;
import ognl.OgnlException;
/**
 * 用于OGNL表达计算的一个工具类
 * 
 */
public class OnglExpression {
 private OnglExpression() {
 }
 /**
  * 根据OGNL表达式进行取值操作
  * 
  * @param expression
  *            ognl表达式
  * @param ctx
  *            ognl上下文
  * @param rootObject
  *            ognl根对象
  * @return
  */
 public static Object getValue(String expression, OgnlContext ctx,
   Object rootObject) {
  try {
   return Ognl.getValue(expression, ctx, rootObject);
  } catch (OgnlException e) {
   throw new RuntimeException(e);
  }
 }
 /**
  * 根据OGNL表达式进行赋值操作
  * 
  * @param expression
  *            ognl表达式
  * @param ctx
  *            ognl上下文
  * @param rootObject
  *            ognl根对象
  * @param value
  *            值对象
  */
 public static void setValue(String expression, OgnlContext ctx,
   Object rootObject, Object value) {
  try {
   Ognl.setValue(expression, ctx, rootObject, value);
  } catch (OgnlException e) {
   throw new RuntimeException(e);
  }
 }
}

案例一Demo1.jsp

package com.xwt.one.test;

import ognl.OgnlContext;
import ognl.OgnlException;

public class Demo1 {
 /**
  * @param args
  * @throws OgnlException
  */
 public static void main(String[] args)  {
  Employee e = new Employee();
  e.setName("小李");
  
  Manager m = new Manager();
  m.setName("张经理");
  
  // 创建OGNL下文,而OGNL上下文实际上就是一个Map对象
  OgnlContext ctx = new OgnlContext();
  
  // 将员工和经理放到OGNL上下文当中去
  ctx.put("employee", e);
  ctx.put("manager", m);
  ctx.setRoot(e);// 设置OGNL上下文的根对象
  
  /** ********************** 取值操作 *************************** */
  // 表达式name将执行e.getName()，因为e对象是根对象(请注意根对象和非根对象表达式的区别)
  String employeeName = (String) OnglExpression.getValue("name", ctx, e);
  System.out.println(employeeName);//小李
  
  // 表达式#manager.name将执行m.getName()，注意：如果访问的不是根对象那么必须在前面加上一个名称空间，例如：#manager.name
  String managerName = (String) OnglExpression.getValue("#manager.name",ctx, e);//张经理
  System.out.println(managerName);
  
  // 当然根对象也可以使用#employee.name表达式进行访问
  employeeName = (String) OnglExpression.getValue("#employee.name", ctx,e);//小李
  System.out.println(employeeName);
  
  /** ********************** 赋值操作 *************************** */
  OnglExpression.setValue("name", ctx, e, "小明");
  employeeName = (String) OnglExpression.getValue("name", ctx, e);
  System.out.println(employeeName);//根对象为小明
  
  OnglExpression.setValue("#manager.name", ctx, e, "孙经理");
  managerName = (String) OnglExpression.getValue("#manager.name", ctx, e);
  System.out.println(managerName);//替换孙经理
  
  OnglExpression.setValue("#employee.name", ctx, e, "小芳");
  employeeName = (String) OnglExpression.getValue("name", ctx, e);
  System.out.println(employeeName);//根对象为小芳
 }
}

运行如下：

案例二Demo7.jsp

package com.xwt.one.test;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ValueStack;
public class Demo7 {
 /**
  * 
  * 值栈的使用
  * 
  */
 public static void main1(String[] args) {
  // 栈：表示一个先进后出的数据结构
  ValueStack vs = ActionContext.getContext().getValueStack();
  // push方法把项压入栈顶
  vs.push(new Employee("zs", 22));
  vs.push(new Employee("ls", 22));
  vs.push(new Employee("ww", 22));
  // pop方法移除栈顶对象并作为此函数的值返回该对象
  Employee e = (Employee) vs.pop();
  System.out.println(e.getName());
  e = (Employee) vs.pop();
  System.out.println(e.getName());
  e = (Employee) vs.pop();
  System.out.println(e.getName());
 }
 /**
  * 此例用于模拟struts2的值栈计算过程
  * 
  * @param args
  */
 public static void main(String[] args) {
  ValueStack vs = ActionContext.getContext().getValueStack();
  vs.push(new Employee("张雇员", 2000));// 1
  vs.push(new Student("小明同学", "s001"));// 0
  System.out.println(vs.findValue("name"));
  System.out.println(vs.findValue("salary2"));
  ActionContext ac = ActionContext.getContext();
 }
}

配置struts-sy.xml

<action name="ognl_*" class="com.xwt.one.test.Demo7" method="{1}">
        <result name="rs">/rs.jsp</result>
    </action>

jsp

<h3>调用OGNL</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/ognl_test1.action">ognl1</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/ognl_test2.action">ognl2</a>

运行如下：