jsp自定义标签

一. 标签语言特点

<开始标签 属性=“属性值”>标签体</结束标签>

二.三大类标签

2.1 ui标签 c:out
特点是显示数据，并且数据不是来源于标签体的，而是来源于jsp标签本身

2.2 控制标签 if /foreach/c
特点是控制的对象是标签体

2.3 数据标签 set
特点是存储数据，没有任何的页面效果

三：自定义标签的开发及使用步骤

3.1 创建一个标签助手类(继承BodyTagSupport)
标签属性必须助手类的属性对应、且要提供对应get/set方法
rtexprvalue

3.2 创建标签库描述文件(tld)，添加自定义标签的配置
注：tld文件必须保存到WEB-INF目录或其子目录

3.3 在JSP通过taglib指令导入标签库，并通过指定后缀
访问自定义标签

四.了解标签的生命周期图

  SKIP_BODY：跳过主体
  EVAL_BODY_INCLUDE：计算标签主体内容并[输出]
  EVAL_BODY_BUFFERED：计算标签主体内容并[缓存]
  EVAL_PAGE:计算页面的后续部分
  SKIP_PAGE:跳过页面的后续部分
  EVAL_BODY_AGAIN:再计算主体一次

五：自定义set、out、if、foreach和select标签

注：需要导入jar包

代码如下：

Student对象

package com.xwt.jsp;
/**
 * 实体类
 * @author 婉婷宝贝
 *
 */
public class Student {
	private String id;
	private String name;
	public String getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(String id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public Student() {}
	
	public Student(String id, String name) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
		this.name = name;
	}	
}

SetTag

package com.xwt.jsp;

import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.BodyTagSupport;

public class SetTag extends BodyTagSupport{

	private static final long serialVersionUID = -3088388271118796905L;

	private String var;
	private Object value;
	public String getVar() {
		return var;
	}

	public void setVar(String var) {
		this.var = var;
	}

	public Object getValue() {
		return value;
	}

	public void setValue(Object value) {
		this.value = value;
	}

	@Override
	public int doStartTag() throws JspException {
		pageContext.setAttribute(var, value);
		return SKIP_BODY;
	}	
}

OutTag

package com.xwt.jsp;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
import javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter;
import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.BodyTagSupport;

public class OutTag extends BodyTagSupport{

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 857127606631889677L;
	
	private Object value;

	public Object getValue() {
		return value;
	}

	public void setValue(Object value) {
		this.value = value;
	}
	
	@Override
	public int doStartTag() throws JspException {
		JspWriter out=pageContext.getOut();
		try {
			out.print(value.toString());
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return SKIP_BODY;
	}
}

IFTag

package com.xwt.jsp;

import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.BodyTagSupport;

public class IFTag extends BodyTagSupport{

	private static final long serialVersionUID = -2974635242176594802L;

	private boolean test;

	public boolean isTest() {
		return test;
	}

	public void setTest(boolean test) {
		this.test = test;
	}
	
	@Override
	public int doStartTag() throws JspException {
		return test?EVAL_BODY_INCLUDE:SKIP_BODY;
	}
}

ForeachTag

package com.xwt.jsp;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.BodyTagSupport;

public class ForeachTag extends BodyTagSupport{

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1673290044200807388L;

	private String var;
	private List<Object> item=new ArrayList<Object>();
	public String getVar() {
		return var;
	}
	public void setVar(String var) {
		this.var = var;
	}
	public List<Object> getItem() {
		return item;
	}
	public void setItem(List<Object> item) {
		this.item = item;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 执行完这个方法的时候  var所代表的指针一定要向下移动一位
	 */
	@Override
	public int doStartTag() throws JspException {
		if(item.size()==0) {
			return SKIP_BODY;
		}else {
			Iterator<Object> it=item.iterator();
			pageContext.setAttribute(var, it.next());
			pageContext.setAttribute("it", it);
			return EVAL_BODY_INCLUDE;
		}
	}
	
	@Override
	public int doAfterBody() throws JspException {
		Iterator<Object> it=(Iterator<Object>) pageContext.getAttribute("it");
		if(it.hasNext()) {
			pageContext.setAttribute(var, it.next());
			pageContext.setAttribute("it", it);
			return EVAL_BODY_AGAIN;
		}
		return EVAL_PAGE;
	}	
}

SelectTag

package com.xwt.jsp;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
import javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter;
import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.BodyTagSupport;

import org.apache.commons.beanutils.PropertyUtils;
/**
 * 自定义select标签应该具备的功能
 * 1、新增查询页面  只有通过一个标签就可以完成数据的绑定  而并非使用c:foreach去循环绑定数据
 * 2、修改页面  同样通过一个自定义标签完成数据的遍历的展示  以及默认选中指定项
 * 
 * 思路(属性)：
 * 1、要往后台传值   id、name
 * 2、定义数据库的对应的标签属性、前台页面展示的标签属性   textKey  textVal
 * 3、可能下拉框有默认值(头标签) headerTextKey  headerTextVal
 * 4、下拉框需要加载数据  item
 * 5、属性值接受数据库中保存的value值   selectedVal
 * 
 * @author 婉婷宝贝
 *
 */
public class SelectTag extends BodyTagSupport{

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	private String id;
	private String name;
	private List<Object> item=new ArrayList<Object>();
	private String textKey;
	private String textVal;
	private String selectedVal;
	private String headerTextKey;
	private String headerTextVal;
	public String getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(String id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public List<Object> getItem() {
		return item;
	}
	public void setItem(List<Object> item) {
		this.item = item;
	}
	public String getTextKey() {
		return textKey;
	}
	public void setTextKey(String textKey) {
		this.textKey = textKey;
	}
	public String getTextVal() {
		return textVal;
	}
	public void setTextVal(String textVal) {
		this.textVal = textVal;
	}
	public String getSelectedVal() {
		return selectedVal;
	}
	public void setSelectedVal(String selectedVal) {
		this.selectedVal = selectedVal;
	}
	public String getHeaderTextKey() {
		return headerTextKey;
	}
	public void setHeaderTextKey(String headerTextKey) {
		this.headerTextKey = headerTextKey;
	}
	public String getHeaderTextVal() {
		return headerTextVal;
	}
	public void setHeaderTextVal(String headerTextVal) {
		this.headerTextVal = headerTextVal;
	}
	
	@Override
	public int doStartTag() throws JspException {
		JspWriter out=pageContext.getOut();
		try {
			//  之所以能够在页面上看到select下拉框的效果  原因在于后台做了html的拼接
			out.print(toHTML());
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return super.doStartTag();
	}
	
	private String toHTML() throws Exception, Exception {
		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
		String value = "";
		String html = ""; 
		sb.append("<select id='"+id+"' name='"+name+"'>");
        if(!(headerTextKey == null || "".equals(headerTextKey) || headerTextVal == null || "".equals(headerTextVal))) {
        	sb.append("<option selected value='"+headerTextKey+"'>"+headerTextVal+"</option>");	
        }
//		items=data,textKey=sid,textVal=sname
		for (Object obj : item) {
//        底层代码
			Field f = obj.getClass().getDeclaredField(textKey);
			f.setAccessible(true);
			value = (String) f.get(obj);
//		第三方工具包方法
			html = (String) PropertyUtils.getProperty(obj, textVal);
			
//			考虑如果是修改页面需要下拉框回选数据库存储的值
			if(value.equals(selectedVal)) {
				sb.append("<option selected value='"+value+"'>"+html+"</option>");
			}
			else {
				sb.append("<option value='"+value+"'>"+html+"</option>");
			}
		}
		sb.append("</select>");
		return sb.toString();
	}
}

WEB-INF文件夹tld代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<taglib xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-jsptaglibrary_2_0.xsd"
    version="2.0">
    
  <description>zting 1.1 core library</description>
  <display-name>zting core</display-name>
  <tlib-version>1.1</tlib-version>
  <short-name>c</short-name>
  <uri>/zting</uri>

  <tag>
  <!-- 填写的是标签中的标签名 -->
    <name>demo</name>
    <!-- 标签对应后台助手类 -->
    <tag-class>com.xwt.jsp.tag.DemoTag</tag-class>
    <!-- 标签类别 -->
    <body-content>JSP</body-content>
    <attribute>
    <!-- 自定义标签中属性 -->
        <name>test</name>
        <!-- 属性值是否必填 -->
        <required>true</required>
        <!-- 是否支持表达式(EL/ognl)表达式 -->
        <rtexprvalue>false</rtexprvalue>
    </attribute>
  </tag>
  
   <tag>
    <name>set</name>
    <tag-class>com.xwt.jsp.SetTag</tag-class>
    <body-content>JSP</body-content>
    <attribute>
        <name>var</name>
        <required>true</required>
        <rtexprvalue>false</rtexprvalue>
    </attribute>
     <attribute>
        <name>value</name>
        <required>true</required>
        <rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
    </attribute>
  </tag>
  
  <tag>
    <name>out</name>
    <tag-class>com.xwt.jsp.OutTag</tag-class>
    <body-content>JSP</body-content>
    <attribute>
        <name>value</name>
        <required>true</required>
        <rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
    </attribute>
  </tag>
  
    <tag>
    <name>if</name>
    <tag-class>com.xwt.jsp.IFTag</tag-class>
    <body-content>JSP</body-content>
    <attribute>
        <name>test</name>
        <required>true</required>
        <rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
    </attribute>
  </tag>
  
  <tag>
    <name>foreach</name>
    <tag-class>com.xwt.jsp.ForeachTag</tag-class>
    <body-content>JSP</body-content>
    <attribute>
        <name>var</name>
        <required>true</required>
        <rtexprvalue>false</rtexprvalue>
    </attribute>
    <attribute>
        <name>item</name>
        <required>true</required>
        <rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
    </attribute>
  </tag>
  
   <tag>
    <name>select</name>
    <tag-class> com.xwt.jsp.SelectTag</tag-class>
    <body-content>JSP</body-content>
    <attribute>
        <name>id</name>
        <required>false</required>
        <rtexprvalue>false</rtexprvalue>
    </attribute>
    <attribute>
        <name>name</name>
        <required>false</required>
        <rtexprvalue>false</rtexprvalue>
    </attribute>
    <attribute>
        <name>item</name>
        <required>true</required>
        <rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
    </attribute>
    <attribute>
        <name>textKey</name>
        <required>true</required>
        <rtexprvalue>false</rtexprvalue>
    </attribute>
    <attribute>
        <name>textVal</name>
        <required>true</required>
        <rtexprvalue>false</rtexprvalue>
    </attribute>
    <attribute>
        <name>selectedVal</name>
        <required>false</required>
        <rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
    </attribute>
    <attribute>
        <name>headerTextKey</name>
        <required>false</required>
        <rtexprvalue>false</rtexprvalue>
    </attribute>
    <attribute>
        <name>headerTextVal</name>
        <required>false</required>
        <rtexprvalue>false</rtexprvalue>
    </attribute>
  </tag>
 
</taglib>

demo2测试

<%@page import="com.xwt.jsp.Student"%>
<%@page import="java.util.ArrayList"%>
<%@page import="java.util.List"%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <%@taglib uri="/zting" prefix="t" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>jsp第二节课</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>自定义set/out标签</h2> 
<t:set var="name" value="星星"></t:set>
<t:out value="${name }"></t:out>

<h2>自定义if标签</h2> 
<t:if test="true">感情</t:if>
<t:if test="false">和你</t:if>
  
 <h2>自定义foreach标签</h2> 
<%
   List list=new ArrayList();
   list.add(new Student("t001","李翔"));
   list.add(new Student("t002","李状元"));
   list.add(new Student("t003","陈阳"));
   list.add(new Student("t004","刘光"));
   request.setAttribute("stus", list);
%>
 <t:foreach var="stu" item="${stus }">
    ${stu.id },${stu.name }<br>
 </t:foreach>

<h2>新增查询页面下拉框</h2>
<t:select textVal="name" item="${stus }" textKey="id"></t:select>
<t:select textVal="name" headerTextKey="-1" headerTextVal="---请选择---" item="${stus }" textKey="id"></t:select>

<h2>修改页面下拉框</h2>
<t:select headerTextKey="-1" headerTextVal="--请选择--" textVal="name" item="${stus }" textKey="id" selectedVal="2"></t:select>
 
</body>
</html>

set、out、if、foreach运行图如下：

foreach、select标签运行图：