卖票系统

semaphor.h

#ifndef __SEMAPHORE_H__
#define __SEMAPHORE_H__
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/sem.h>
#include <string.h>

union semun {
   int              val;    /* Value for SETVAL */
   struct semid_ds *buf;    /* Buffer for IPC_STAT, IPC_SET */
   unsigned short  *array;  /* Array for GETALL, SETALL */
   struct seminfo  *__buf;  /* Buffer for IPC_INFO(Linux specific) */
};

// 信号量初始化
int init_smph(int semid)
{
	union semun sem;
	sem.val = 1;
	
	// 给信号量 semid进行初始化
	int ret = semctl(semid, 0, SETVAL, sem);
	if(ret == -1)
	{
		perror ("semctl");
		return -1;
	}
	
	return 0;
}

// 信号量的P操作
int semaphore_p(int semid)
{
	struct sembuf sem;
	memset (&sem, 0, sizeof(sem));
	
	sem.sem_num = 0;
	sem.sem_op  = -1;
	sem.sem_flg = SEM_UNDO;
	int ret = semop(semid, &sem, 1);
	if (ret == -1)
	{
		perror ("semop_p");
		return -1;
	}
	return 0;
}

// 信号量的v操作
int semaphore_v(int semid)
{
	struct sembuf sem;
	memset (&sem, 0, sizeof(sem));
	
	sem.sem_num = 0;
	sem.sem_op  = 1;
	sem.sem_flg = SEM_UNDO;
	int ret = semop(semid, &sem, 1);
	if (ret == -1)
	{
		perror ("semop_v");
		return -1;
	}
	return 0;
}

// 信号量的删除
int del_smph(int semid)
{	
	int ret = semctl(semid, 0, IPC_RMID);
	if(ret == -1)
	{
		perror ("semctl");
		return -1;
	}
	
	return 0;
}

#endif // __SEMAPHORE_H__

ticket.h

#ifndef _TICKET_H_
#define _TICKET_H_

typedef struct shm
{
	int ticket;
}SHM;


#endif // _TICKET_H_

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include "ticket.h"
#include "semaphore.h"
#include <time.h>

void sellticket(int semid, SHM *ps)
{
	srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
	
	while (1)
	{
		usleep(100000*(rand()%10+1));
		
		semaphore_p(semid);          // p操作
	
		if (0 == ps->ticket)
		{
			printf ("票卖完了\n");
			semaphore_v(semid);      // v操作
			break;
		}
		printf ("卖了一张票，座位号：%d\n", ps->ticket);
		ps->ticket -= 1;
	
		semaphore_v(semid);          // v操作
	}
}


int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	int shmid = shmget((key_t)456, sizeof(SHM), IPC_CREAT);    // 创建或者获取共享内存
	if (-1 == shmid)
	{
		perror("共享内存创建失败");
		return -1;
	}
  
	SHM *ps = (SHM*)shmat(shmid, NULL, 0);                     // 共享内存映射
	if (NULL == ps)
	{
		perror("共享内存映射失败");
		return -1;
	}
	                       
	int semid = semget((key_t)789, 1, IPC_CREAT);              // 创建信号量
	if (-1 == semid)
	{
		perror("信号量创建失败");
		return -1;
	}
	
	if (2 == argc)            // 初始化
	{
		ps->ticket = 100;
		init_smph(semid);  
	}
	
	
	
	sellticket(semid, ps);    // 卖票
	
	sleep(2);
	if (2 == argc)
	{
		del_smph(semid);
		shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, NULL);
	}
	
	return 0;
}