docker network详解、教程

1、docker network --help

#帮助命令后显示下面信息
[root@localhost /]# docker network --help

Usage:	docker network COMMAND

Manage networks

Options:
      --help   Print usage

Commands:
  connect     Connect a container to a network
  create      Create a network
  disconnect  Disconnect a container from a network
  inspect     Display detailed information on one or more networks
  ls          List networks
  prune       Remove all unused networks
  rm          Remove one or more networks

Run 'docker network COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.

• connect 将某个容器连接到一个docker网络
• create 创建一个docker局域网络
• disconnect 将某个容器退出某个局域网络
• inspect 显示某个局域网络信息
• ls 显示所有docker局域网络
• prune 删除所有未引用的docker局域网络
• rm 删除docker网络

2、创建自定义docker局域网络

docker network create mynet 

然后pull两个镜像使用新创建的网络

3、pull镜像和运行镜像

#pull之前先设置docker镜像加速，国外pull速度很慢，参考：
https://blog.csdn.net/wangyue23com/article/details/110194399

docker pull redis
docker pull nginx

#运行redis容器
docker run -itd --name redis  --network mynet --network-alias redis -p 6379:6379 redis
#运行nginx容器
docker run -d --name nginx -p 80:80 --network mynet --network-alias nginx --privileged=true   -v /home/wwwroot:/home/wwwroot -v /home/wwwlogs:/home/wwwlogs  nginx

4、docker 查询网络信息

#查看mynet的详细信息，发现redis和nginx已在Containers容器内，属于当前mynet网络
[root@localhost /]# docker network inspect mynet
[
    {
        "Name": "mynet",
        "Id": "8453b7b1d246f1ad54e27033928bbb8e7842ca96b4315fad720688af206b69c6",
        "Created": "2020-12-13T22:50:55.566207522-08:00",
        "Scope": "local",
        "Driver": "bridge",
        "EnableIPv6": false,
        "IPAM": {
            "Driver": "default",
            "Options": {},
            "Config": [
                {
                    "Subnet": "172.18.0.0/16",
                    "Gateway": "172.18.0.1"
                }
            ]
        },
        "Internal": false,
        "Attachable": false,
        "Containers": {
            "87ff63bb819a823578bed89a67527009d9fee31a92de9d50e5d635b97cc18664": {
                "Name": "redis",
                "EndpointID": "19a04279300025dc936d206a287b1e31d04b339298b445694452a5f4326f7051",
                "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:12:00:02",
                "IPv4Address": "172.18.0.2/16",
                "IPv6Address": ""
            },
            "c75ff4ac770fd04a1c6daa05a82533555038e3b0f8e15c3b1ee29e26c14a0131": {
                "Name": "nginx",
                "EndpointID": "4ccc014edcfd7be443c75491cc32aa0745561cfd45903e204e8d3e7afa94a4fe",
                "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:12:00:03",
                "IPv4Address": "172.18.0.3/16",
                "IPv6Address": ""
            }
        },
        "Options": {},
        "Labels": {}
    }
]

5、验证ping命令是否容器之间网络交互

#进入redis命令行，使用ping nginx命令验证能够连接成功**使用ping命令之前，需要给docker安装ping，自行百度**
docker exec -it redis bash
root@822f249e7d90:/# ping nginx
PING nginx (172.18.0.3): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 172.18.0.3: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.071 ms
64 bytes from 172.18.0.3: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.100 ms

同样也可以不指定网络，直接启动容器，然后使用docker network connect接入网络。

#将容器删掉重新创建
docker stop nginx
docker rm -f nginx
docker stop redis
docker rm -f redis

6、使用docker network connect

#运行nginx和docker容器
docker run -itd --name redis -p 6379:6379 redis
docker run -d --name nginx -p 80:80 --privileged=true -v /home/wwwroot:/home/wwwroot -v /home/wwwlogs:/home/wwwlogs nginx

使用docker network connect命令连接网络

#加入nginx到mynet网络
[root@localhost /]# docker network connect mynet nginx
#加入redis到mynet网络
[root@localhost /]# docker network connect mynet redis
#查看mynet网络包含的容器，会发现两个容器都加入当前网络了，后面使用ping命令是能够ping通容器名称的。
[root@localhost /]# docker network inspect mynet

7、docker network disconnect

#将nginx移除mynet局域网络
docker network disconnect mynet nginx

使用docker network 很方便的维护和管理docker网络，方便容器之间ip和端口交互。