今日内容
- Bootstrap
BootStrap
- 概念: 一个前端开发的框架
简介： Bootstrap，来自 Twitter，是目前最受欢迎的前端框架。 Bootstrap 是基于 HTML、CSS、JAVASCRIPT 的，它简洁灵活，使得 Web 开发更加快捷 什么是框架？ 框架是一个半成品软件，开发人员在框架的基础上简化编码 优点： a.定义了很多的css的样式和js插件 b.响应式布局 什么是响应式布局？ 同一套页面，可以兼容不同的设备和分辨率
- BootStrap快速入门
下载地址：[](https://v3.bootcss.com/getting-started/) 复制文件到项目目录 引入文件到html页面
- 基本模板
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="zh-CN"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面，任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后！ --> <title>Bootstrap 101 Template</title> <!-- Bootstrap --> <link href="./css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <!-- HTML5 shim 和 Respond.js 是为了让 IE8 支持 HTML5 元素和媒体查询（media queries）功能 --> <!-- 警告：通过 file:// 协议（就是直接将 html 页面拖拽到浏览器中）访问页面时 Respond.js 不起作用 --> <!--[if lt IE 9]> <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/html5shiv@3.7.3/dist/html5shiv.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/respond.js@1.4.2/dest/respond.min.js"></script> <![endif]--> </head> <body> <h1>你好，世界！</h1> <!-- jQuery (Bootstrap 的所有 JavaScript 插件都依赖 jQuery，所以必须放在前边) --> <script src="./js/jquery.min.js"></script> <!-- 加载 Bootstrap 的所有 JavaScript 插件。你也可以根据需要只加载单个插件。 --> <script src="./js/bootstrap.min.js"></script> </body> </html>
- 改良模板：复制以此为准
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="zh-CN"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面，任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后！ --> <title>Bootstrap 101 Template</title> <!-- Bootstrap --> <link href="./css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <!-- jQuery (Bootstrap 的所有 JavaScript 插件都依赖 jQuery，所以必须放在前边) --> <script src="./js/jquery.min.js"></script> <!-- 加载 Bootstrap 的所有 JavaScript 插件。你也可以根据需要只加载单个插件。 --> <script src="./js/bootstrap.min.js"></script> </head> <body> </body> </html>
响应式布局
- 简介
如何实现响应式布局？ 响应式布局依赖于栅格系统：将一行平均分成12个格子，可以指定元素占几个格子 - 实现步骤
1.定义容器 容器分类： container:固定宽度 container-fluid:100%宽度 2.定义行 样式：row 3.定义元素 样式：col-设备代号-格子数目 设备代号： 超小屏幕-手机(<768px) .col-xs- 小屏幕-平板(≥768px) .col-sm- 中等屏幕 桌面显示器 (≥992px) .col-md- 大屏幕 大桌面显示器 (≥1200px) .col-lg- 【注意事项】 a.一行中如果格子超过12，超出部分会自动换行 b.栅格类系统会向上兼容，善各类适用于品目宽度大于等于分界点大小的设备 c.真是设备宽度小于设置栅格类属性的的最小值，会自动换行
CSS样式和Js插件
- 全局CSS样式
按钮 <a class="btn btn-default" href="#" role="button">Link</a> <button class="btn btn-default" type="submit">Button</button> <input class="btn btn-default" type="button" value="Input"> <input class="btn btn-default" type="submit" value="Submit"> 图片 <img src="..." alt="..." class="img-rounded"> <img src="..." alt="..." class="img-circle"> <img src="..." alt="..." class="img-thumbnail"> img-responsive 自适应，任何情况下都占100% 表格 <table class="table table-striped"> ... </table> 表单 <form> <div class="form-group"> <label for="exampleInputEmail1">Email address</label> <input type="email" class="form-control" id="exampleInputEmail1" placeholder="Email"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="exampleInputPassword1">Password</label> <input type="password" class="form-control" id="exampleInputPassword1" placeholder="Password"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="exampleInputFile">File input</label> <input type="file" id="exampleInputFile"> <p class="help-block">Example block-level help text here.</p> </div> <div class="checkbox"> <label> <input type="checkbox"> Check me out </label> </div> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">Submit</button> </form> - 组件
导航条---哪里不懂删哪里 <nav class="navbar navbar-default"> <div class="container-fluid"> <!-- Brand and toggle get grouped for better mobile display --> <div class="navbar-header"> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-1" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </button> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Brand</a> </div> <!-- Collect the nav links, forms, and other content for toggling --> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-1"> <ul class="nav navbar-nav"> <li class="active"><a href="#">Link <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a></li> <li><a href="#">Link</a></li> <li class="dropdown"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown <span class="caret"></span></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li><a href="#">Action</a></li> <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li> <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li> <li role="separator" class="divider"></li> <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li> <li role="separator" class="divider"></li> <li><a href="#">One more separated link</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> <form class="navbar-form navbar-left"> <div class="form-group"> <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Search"> </div> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">Submit</button> </form> <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right"> <li><a href="#">Link</a></li> <li class="dropdown"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown <span class="caret"></span></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li><a href="#">Action</a></li> <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li> <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li> <li role="separator" class="divider"></li> <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div><!-- /.navbar-collapse --> </div><!-- /.container-fluid --> </nav> 分页条 <nav aria-label="Page navigation"> <ul class="pagination"> <li> <a href="#" aria-label="Previous"> <span aria-hidden="true">«</span> </a> </li> <li><a href="#">1</a></li> <li><a href="#">2</a></li> <li><a href="#">3</a></li> <li><a href="#">4</a></li> <li><a href="#">5</a></li> <li> <a href="#" aria-label="Next"> <span aria-hidden="true">»</span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> - 插件
Carousel 轮播图 <div id="carousel-example-generic" class="carousel slide" data-ride="carousel"> <!-- Indicators --> <ol class="carousel-indicators"> <li data-target="#carousel-example-generic" data-slide-to="0" class="active"></li> <li data-target="#carousel-example-generic" data-slide-to="1"></li> <li data-target="#carousel-example-generic" data-slide-to="2"></li> </ol> <!-- Wrapper for slides --> <div class="carousel-inner" role="listbox"> <div class="item active"> <img src="..." alt="..."> <div class="carousel-caption"> ... </div> </div> <div class="item"> <img src="..." alt="..."> <div class="carousel-caption"> ... </div> </div> ... </div> <!-- Controls --> <a class="left carousel-control" href="#carousel-example-generic" role="button" data-slide="prev"> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-left" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="sr-only">Previous</span> </a> <a class="right carousel-control" href="#carousel-example-generic" role="button" data-slide="next"> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-right" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="sr-only">Next</span> </a> </div>
案例：旅游网首页
- 代码演示
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="zh-CN"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面，任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后！ --> <title>Bootstrap 101 Template</title> <!-- Bootstrap --> <link href="./css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <!-- jQuery (Bootstrap 的所有 JavaScript 插件都依赖 jQuery，所以必须放在前边) --> <script src="./js/jquery.min.js"></script> <!-- 加载 Bootstrap 的所有 JavaScript 插件。你也可以根据需要只加载单个插件。 --> <script src="./js/bootstrap.min.js"></script> <style type="text/css"> div{ border: 1px red; /* height: 50px; */ } .padtop{ margin-top: 10px; } .serach-input{ float: left; border: 2px solid #FFc900; width: 350px; height: 35px; margin-left: 50px; margin-top: 5px; } .serach-btn{ float: left; border: 1px solid #FFC900; width: 100px; height: 35px; background-color: #FFC900; text-align: center; /* line-height的属性 与外框高度一直是，内容会水平居中 */ line-height: 35px; text-decoration: none; margin-top: 5px; } </style> </head> <body> <!-- 1.页眉部分 --> <header class="container-fluid"> <!-- 标题部分 --> <div class="row"> <img src="..." class="img-responsive"> </div> <div class="row padtop"> <div class="col-md-3 inner"><img src="#" ></div> <div class="col-md-5 inner"> <form > <input class="serach-input" type="text" name="" id="" placeholder="请输入" /> <a class="serach-btn" href="#">搜索</a> </form> </div> <div class="col-md-4 inner"><img src="#" ></div> </div> <!-- 导航栏 --> <div class="row"> <nav class="navbar navbar-default"> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="navbar-header"> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-1" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </button> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">首页</a> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" > <ul class="nav navbar-nav"> <li><a href="#">Link</a></li> <li><a href="#">Link</a></li> <li><a href="#">Link</a></li> <li><a href="#">Link</a></li> <li></li> </ul> <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right"> <li><a href="#">Link</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <!-- 轮播图 --> <div class="row"> <div id="carousel-example-generic" class="carousel slide" data-ride="carousel"> <!-- Indicators --> <ol class="carousel-indicators"> <li data-target="#carousel-example-generic" data-slide-to="0" class="active"></li> <li data-target="#carousel-example-generic" data-slide-to="1"></li> <li data-target="#carousel-example-generic" data-slide-to="2"></li> </ol> <!-- Wrapper for slides --> <div class="carousel-inner" role="listbox"> <div class="item active"> <img src="img/0.jpg" alt="..."> </div> <div class="item"> <img src="img/1.jpg" alt="..."> </div> <div class="item active"> <img src="img/2.jpg" alt="..."> </div> </div> <!-- Controls --> <a class="left carousel-control" href="#carousel-example-generic" role="button" data-slide="prev"> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-left" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="sr-only">Previous</span> </a> <a class="right carousel-control" href="#carousel-example-generic" role="button" data-slide="next"> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-right" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="sr-only">Next</span> </a> </div> </div> </header> <!-- 2.主体部分 --> <div class="container"> </div> <!-- 3.页脚部分 --> <footer class="container"> </footer> </body> </html>
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