彻底解决跨域问题(五种解决跨域的方式)

最新推荐文章于 2023-11-29 20:22:51 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-11-29 20:22:51 发布

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#跨域问题解决方案
最近自己写了一个js组件，该js组件是提供给第三方使用的，而js组件中涉及了ajax请求，于是乎就出现了跨域请求问题。下面记录一下自己的解决路程。

文章目录

##什么是跨域

参考：跨域请求详解
个人理解：我理解的跨域就是，两个不同的ip或者域名，进行访问和数据交换，此时如果不做处理，便会发生跨域请求问题。详细解释看上面链接。

我自己就是因为js提供给其他服务器进行调用，而我的js里面设计到一个ajax请求，所以在第三方服务器调用我的js进行操作的时候，就设计到了两个服务器之间的数据交互问题，即跨域问题。

##定位跨域问题

了解了什么是跨域，那么怎么定位自己的错误是跨域导致的呢？我一般是根据报错来定位。调用js时，我的报错如下：
这里写图片描述
如果你也出现报错这个，恭喜你，你确实跨域无疑了。那么如何解决这个问题呢，网上各种答案都有，我这里总结一下。便于以后自己的出现同样问题的时候，能够及时找到最优的答案。

##跨域解决方案有哪些

目前我了解的解决跨域的几种方式：手写过滤器，手写拦截器，jsonnp，注解方式，配置nginx反向代理,共五种解决方式。

###1. 手写过滤器实现（我用的这种）
通过过滤器开放需要访问的接口（我用的这种，推荐）
（1）写一个过滤器：

package com.ninesword.utils;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class CrossFilter implements Filter {
private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CrossFilter.class);

<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">init</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>FilterConfig filterConfig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throws</span> ServletException <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">destroy</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">doFilter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ServletRequest request<span class="token punctuation">,</span> ServletResponse response<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
                     FilterChain chain<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throws</span> IOException<span class="token punctuation">,</span> ServletException <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    logger<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">debug</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"跨域请求进来了。。。"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>HttpServletRequest<span class="token punctuation">)</span> request<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    httpServletRequest<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getSession</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    HttpServletResponse httpResponse <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>HttpServletResponse<span class="token punctuation">)</span> response<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    httpResponse<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setHeader</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Access-Control-Allow-Origin"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"*"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    httpResponse<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setHeader</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Access-Control-Allow-Methods"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"*"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    httpResponse<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setHeader</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Access-Control-Max-Age"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"3600"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    httpResponse<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setHeader</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Access-Control-Allow-Headers"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
            <span class="token string">"Origin, X-Requested-With, Content-Type, Accept, Connection, User-Agent, Cookie"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    httpResponse<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setHeader</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Access-Control-Allow-Credentials"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"true"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    httpResponse<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setHeader</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Content-type"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"application/json"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    httpResponse<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setHeader</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Cache-Control"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"no-cache, must-revalidate"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    chain<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">doFilter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>request<span class="token punctuation">,</span> httpResponse<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

在web.xml中配置过滤器和需要过滤的接口

<!-- 添加过滤器过滤跨域请求 -->
 <filter>
   <filter-name>cors</filter-name>
   <!-- 这里配置上面刚刚设置的java过滤器文件 -->
   <filter-class>com.ninesword.utils.CrossFilter</filter-class>
 </filter>
 <filter-mapping>
   <filter-name>cors</filter-name>
   <!-- 这里配置你需要进行跨域的接口，*代表jsForSdp当前路径下所子有路径 -->
   <url-pattern>/jsForSdp/*</url-pattern>
 </filter-mapping>

经过以上配置，已经可以成功跨域了，亲测有效哦。

2.使用spring拦截器解决跨域问题

	这个方法，是一个大佬推荐的，我没有试过。这里推荐文章：[java-拦截器实现跨域支持](https://blog.csdn.net/zpf0918/article/details/52624813)

 
 
 
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3.jsonnp实现（仅适用GET请求，不推荐）

网上各种针对jsonnp实现跨域的文章很多，但是这种，据说只对get请求有效，不推荐。我用的是原声js写的组件，jsonnp常见于jquery ajax中，所以，这里无法解决我的问题，还是说下它怎么实现的吧。
使用jsonnp还是很简单的，如果你用的是jquery的话就更好了。

	$.ajax({
	        url: "你的url",
	        type: 'GET',
	        dataType: 'JSONP',//重点在这里，加上这个属性就可以跨域请求了
	        success: function (data) {
	        }
	    });

 
 
 
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4.注解实现

我的框架是ssh。这里有注解可以解决跨域问题，本人没有试过，但是确实简单有效。推荐链接：
springmvc @crossorigin跨域

5.配置nginx实现

利用nginx 反向代理解决跨域问题

这里个人推荐的还是第一种解决方式，经过验证确实有效。如果你有更好的方式或者见解，请留言。谢谢
在这里插入图片描述

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