python 百度地图行政区划查询 省市区

一、简介

通过百度开发平台提供的行政区划地址，通过python的方式获取数据，并将数据转化成需求的格式

• 202402191052更新内容，发现香港澳门的level格式和其他地区的格式不同，特根据JSON的结构重新生成level来统一格式。同时，将导出的excel加上时间戳，以保证每次导出都有一份记录。

二、需求格式

1.省市区的对应关系格式

结果展示：

代码如下：

import json
import pandas as pd

import requests

# 接口地址
url = "https://api.map.baidu.com/api_region_search/v1/"

# 此处填写你在控制台-应用管理-创建应用后获取的AK
ak = "xxxxxxxxxxxxx"

params = {
    "keyword":    "全国",
    "sub_admin":    "3",
    "ak":       ak,
    "extensions_code": "1",

}
response = requests.get(url=url, params=params)


data = json.loads(response.text)
# if response:
#     print(response.json())

# 因为香港澳门的省市县的level有点不对，所以需要根据JSON更新一下level。以保证是以省嵌套市嵌套县……的格式
def set_level(districts, level=0):
    for district in districts:
        district['level'] = level
        set_level(district.get('districts', []), level + 1)


set_level(data['districts'])

# 提取省份和市区信息，并生成对应关系
provinces_cities = []
for dist in data['districts']:
    if dist['level'] == 0:  # 全国
        for district in dist['districts']:
            if district['level'] == 1:  # 省份级别
                for sub_district in district['districts']:
                    if sub_district['level'] == 2:  # 市级别
                        for sub_sub_district in sub_district['districts']:
                            if sub_sub_district['level'] == 3:  # 区级别
                                provinces_cities.append((district['code'], district['name'], sub_district['code'], sub_district['name'], sub_sub_district['code'], sub_sub_district['name']))

            # 输出省份、城市编码和城市的对应关系
for province_code, province, city_code, city, county_code, county in provinces_cities:
    print(f"省份编码: {province_code}, 省份名称: {province}, 城市编码: {city_code}, 城市名称: {city},区县编码: {county_code}, 区县名称: {county}")

# 获取时间戳并格式化
timestamp = int(datetime.datetime.now().timestamp())
formatted_timestamp = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(timestamp).strftime('%Y%m%d_%H%M%S')


df = pd.DataFrame(provinces_cities, columns=['省份编码', '省份名称', '城市编码', '城市名称', '区县编码', '区县名称'])
df.to_excel(f'省份城市对应关系_{formatted_timestamp}.xlsx', index=False)

2.上下级的展示格式

结果展示：

代码如下（示例）：

import requests, json, openpyxl
import pandas as pd
import datetime

url = "https://api.map.baidu.com/api_region_search/v1/"
# 此处填写你在控制台-应用管理-创建应用后获取的AK
ak = "xxxxxx"

params = {
    "keyword": "全国",
    "sub_admin": "4",
    "ak": ak,
    "extensions_code": "1",

}
response = requests.get(url=url, params=params)

# 获取百度地图JSON
data = json.loads(response.text)


# if response:
#     print(response.json())

# 因为香港澳门的省市县的level有点不对，所以需要根据JSON更新一下level。以保证是以省嵌套市嵌套县……的格式
def set_level(districts, level=0):
    for district in districts:
        district['level'] = level
        set_level(district.get('districts', []), level + 1)


set_level(data['districts'])


def baidu_addr(addr):
    results = []
    for dist in data['districts']:
        if dist['level'] == 0:  # 国家级别
            results.append({
                'addrcode': '0',
                'addrname': dist['name'],
                'addrpcode': None,
                'addrtype': 'County',
                'addrlevel': dist['level'],
                'status': 'Y'
            })
            for dist1 in dist['districts']:
                if dist1['level'] == 1:  # 省份级别
                    results.append({
                        'addrcode': dist1['code'],
                        'addrname': dist1['name'],
                        'addrpcode': dist['code'],
                        'addrtype': 'State',
                        'addrlevel': dist1['level'],
                        'status': 'Y'
                    })
                for dist2 in dist1['districts']:
                    if dist2['level'] == 2:  # 市级别
                        results.append({
                            'addrcode': dist2['code'],
                            'addrname': dist2['name'],
                            'addrpcode': dist1['code'],
                            'addrtype': 'City',
                            'addrlevel': dist2['level'],
                            'status': 'Y'
                        })
                        for dist3 in dist2['districts']:
                            if dist3['level'] == 3:  # 区级别
                                results.append({
                                    'addrcode': dist3['code'],
                                    'addrname': dist3['name'],
                                    'addrpcode': dist2['code'],
                                    'addrtype': 'Country',
                                    'addrlevel': dist3['level'],
                                    'status': 'Y'
                                })
                                for dist4 in dist3['districts']:
                                    if dist4['level'] == 4:  # 街道级别
                                        results.append({
                                            'addrcode': dist4['code'],
                                            'addrname': dist4['name'],
                                            'addrpcode': dist3['code'],
                                            'addrtype': 'Town',
                                            'addrlevel': dist4['level'],
                                            'status': 'Y'
                                        })
    return results


# 处理数据并获取结果列表
processed_data = baidu_addr(data['districts'])
# print(data['districts'])

provinces_cities = []

for row in processed_data:
    provinces_cities.append(
        [row['addrcode'], row['addrname'], row['addrpcode'], row['addrtype'], row['addrlevel'], row['status']])

# 输出省份、城市编码和城市的对应关系
# 在终端展示生成的neritic
for addrcode, addrname, addrpcode, addrtype, addrlevel, status in provinces_cities:
    print(f"地址编码: {addrcode}, 地址名称: {addrname}, 上级编码: {addrpcode}, 地址类型: {addrtype},地址等级: {addrlevel}, 状态: {status}")

# 获取时间戳并格式化
timestamp = int(datetime.datetime.now().timestamp())
formatted_timestamp = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(timestamp).strftime('%Y%m%d_%H%M%S')

# 导入到excel
df = pd.DataFrame(provinces_cities, columns=['地址编码', '地址名称', '上级编码', '地址类型', '地址等级', '状态'])
df.to_excel(f'省份城市对应关系_{formatted_timestamp}.xlsx', index=False)

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