Java之Spring Cloud入门

什么是Spring Cloud
Spring cloud是一个基于Spring Boot实现的服务治理工具包，在微服务架构中用于管理和协调服务的。

Spring Cloud 五大神兽
五大神兽：
服务发现——Netflix Eureka
客服端负载均衡——Netflix Ribbon/Feign
服务网关——Netflix Zuul
断路器——Netflix Hystrix
分布式配置——Spring Cloud Config

Spring Cloud 简单使用

pom依赖

<!--springboot支持-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
</dependency>

<!--Eureka服务端支持-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
</dependency>

服务器yml配置

server:
  port: 7001
eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: localhost
  client:
    registerWithEureka: false #是否要注册到eureka
    fetchRegistry: false #表示是否从Eureka Server获取注册信息
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/ #单机配置

主类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer //标识是eureka服务端
public class EnrekaServerApplication_7001 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(EnrekaServerApplication_7001.class);
    }
}

入门-服务提供者
pom依赖

<dependencies>

    <!--springboot支持-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <!--eureka客户端支持 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

yml配置

server:
  port: 8001
spring:
  application:
    name: USER-PROVIDER #不要使用下划线
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
     defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka #告诉服务提供者要把服务注册到哪儿

入口类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient //表示是eureka的客户端
public class UserProviderApplication_8001 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(UserProviderApplication_8001.class);
    }
}

提供服务-测试

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/provider")
public class UserController {

    //    @Autowired
   //    private IUserService userService;
    @RequestMapping("/user/{id}") //user/1
    public User getUser(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {

        // 正常应该调用service获取用户,现在模拟一下
        return new User(id, "zs");
    }
}

Spring cloud入门-服务消费者-基础
pom依赖

<!--springboot支持-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
</dependency>

yml配置

server:
  port: 9001
spring:
  application:
    name: USER_CONSUMER

入口类

@SpringBootApplication
public class UserConsumerAppliction_9001 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(UserConsumerAppliction_9001.class);
    }
}

配置Bean

@Configuration // <beans></beans>
public class CfgBean {

    @Bean //<bean class="org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate"></bean>
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}