1、Feign远程调用简介:
Feign远程调用,shiSpringCloud中的一个总要组件,继承了负载均衡、和熔断器的使用。
依赖包引入;
<!--Feign:集成了断路器和负载均衡,断路器默认是关闭的,需要配置打开,不会自动打开-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
2、配置文件【application.yaml】:
server:
port: 8080
spring:
application:
name: consumer-service
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:8888/eureka
#服务获取时间间隔
registry-fetch-interval-seconds: 30
instance:
prefer-ip-address: true
ip-address: 127.0.0.1
#使用服务id指定哪个服务使用哪种负载均衡方式 -- 配置默认使用随机数
user-services:
ribbon:
NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName: com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule
#断路器属性配置:配置信息key值首字母要小写
hystrix:
command:
default:
execution:
isolation:
thread:
timeoutInMilliseconds: 3000
#Feign中的ribbon负载均衡的超时时长设置
ribbon:
ConnectionTimeOut: 500
ReadTimeOut: 2000
#开启Feign的熔断功能
feign:
hystrix:
enable: true
3、控制器【ControllerDem01.java】:
package SpringCloudApplication.Controller;
import SpringCloudApplication.Feign.FeignRibbonAndHystrix;
import SpringCloudApplication.Pojo.UserModel;
import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.DefaultProperties;
import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixCommand;
import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixProperty;
import com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.SynchronizedSymbolTable;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalancerClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.RibbonLoadBalancerClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@RestController //相当于@Controller和@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping("/query")
public class ControllerDem01 {
/**
* Feign(远程调用)的使用
*/
@Autowired
private FeignRibbonAndHystrix feignRibbonAndHystrix;
@GetMapping("{id}")
public UserModel getUserInfoById(@PathVariable int id){
UserModel user = feignRibbonAndHystrix.selectUserInfoById(id);
return user;
}
}
4、Feign的使用:
Feign远程实现是基于石桥铺ringMVC注解,通过创建接口文件+MVC注解实现的,集成的熔断器在开启后,是通过实现接口类,具体实现如下。
FeignRibbonAndHystrix 接口:
package SpringCloudApplication.Feign;
import SpringCloudApplication.Feign.Impl.FeignRibbonAndHystrixImpl;
import SpringCloudApplication.Pojo.UserModel;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
/**
* Feign集成了负载均衡和断路器,断路器默认是关闭状态,只有配置手动打开才能使用
* Feign使用SpringMVC相关注解完成开发
*/
@FeignClient(value = "user-services",fallback = FeignRibbonAndHystrixImpl.class)
public interface FeignRibbonAndHystrix {
@GetMapping("/user/{id}")
UserModel selectUserInfoById(@PathVariable int id);
}
FeignRibbonAndHystrixImpl 实现类:
package SpringCloudApplication.Feign.Impl;
import SpringCloudApplication.Feign.FeignRibbonAndHystrix;
import SpringCloudApplication.Pojo.UserModel;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class FeignRibbonAndHystrixImpl implements FeignRibbonAndHystrix {
@Override
public UserModel selectUserInfoById(int id) {
UserModel user = new UserModel();
user.setUsername("服务器正忙,稍后重试!!!");
return user;
}
}
5、入口文件:
使用注解 @EnableFeignClients 开启Feign远程调用。
package SpringCloudApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.SpringCloudApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.circuitbreaker.EnableCircuitBreaker;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
/*@EnableDiscoveryClient *//**服务注册客户端**//*
@SpringBootApplication *//**SpringBoot服务启动配置的注解**//*
@EnableCircuitBreaker *//**断路器(熔断器)的开关**/
@EnableFeignClients
@SpringCloudApplication
public class SpringCloudApplicationDemo01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringCloudApplicationDemo01.class);
}
}