Springmvc简介及配置
-
什么是springMVC?
Spring Web MVC是一种基于Java的实现了MVC设计模式的、请求驱动类型的、轻量级Web框架。 -
SpringMVC处理请求的流程
2.1 首先用户发送请求–>DispatherServlet
2.2 DispatcherServlet–>HandlerMapping
2.3 DispatcherServlet–>HandlerAdapter
2.4 HandlerAdapter–>处理器功能处理方法的调用
2.5 ModelAndView的逻辑视图名–>ViewRecolver
2.6 View–>渲染
2.7 返回控制权给DispatcherServlet,由DispatcherServlet返回呼应给用户,流程结束 -
SpringMVC核心开发步骤
3.1 DispatcherServlet在web.xml中的部署描述,从而拦截请求到springMVC
3.2 HandlerMapping的配置,从而将请求映射到处理器
3.3 HandlerAdapter的配置,从而支持多种类型的处理器
3.4 处理器(页面控制器)的配置,从而刊行功能处理
3.5 ViewResolver的配置,从而将逻辑视图名解析为具体的视图技术 -
SpringMVC的组件
4.1 前端控制器(DispatcherServlet)
4.2 请求到处理器映射(HandlerMapping)
4.3 处理器适配器(HandlerAdapter)
4.4 视图解析器(ViewResolver)
4.5 处理器或页面控制器(Controller)
4.6 验证器(Validator)
4.6 命令对象(Command 请求参数绑定到的对象就叫命令对象)
4.7 表单对象(Form Object提供给表单展示和提交到的对象就叫表单对象)
配置
导入相关的pom.xml依赖
添加springmvc
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- ********************** JSTL依赖 ********************** -->
<!-- 缺少下面的这两个jar包会报java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/servlet/jsp/jstl/core/Config-->
<!-- 原因:org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView在视图解析时需要这二个jar包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2</version>
</dependency>
还有一个tomcat与api结合json的一个jar包
<tomcat-jsp-api.version>8.0.47</tomcat-jsp-api.version>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>${tomcat-jsp-api.version}</version>
</dependency>
使用mvc肯定有核心类,所以需要导web.xml里配置一些文件
web.xml
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 读取Spring上下文的监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- Spring和web项目集成end -->
<!-- 防止Spring内存溢出监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 中文乱码处理 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<!--web.xml 3.0的新特性,是否支持异步-->
<async-supported>true</async-supported>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- Spring MVC servlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!--此参数可以不配置,默认值为:/WEB-INF/springmvc-servlet.xml-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
<!--web.xml 3.0的新特性,是否支持异步-->
<async-supported>true</async-supported>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
springmvc-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
<!-- 通过context:component-scan元素扫描指定包下的控制器-->
<!--1) 扫描com.xzy及子子孙孙包下的控制器(扫描范围过大,耗时)-->
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>
<context:component-scan base-package="com.xzy"/>
<!--2) 此标签默认注册DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping和AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter -->
<!--两个bean,这两个bean是spring MVC为@Controllers分发请求所必须的。并提供了数据绑定支持,-->
<!--@NumberFormatannotation支持,@DateTimeFormat支持,@Valid支持,读写XML的支持(JAXB),读写JSON的支持(Jackson)-->
<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
<!--3) ViewResolver -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- viewClass需要在pom中引入两个包:standard.jar and jstl.jar -->
<property name="viewClass"
value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"></property>
<property name="prefix" value="/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!--4) 单独处理图片、样式、js等资源 -->
<!--<mvc:resources location="/css/" mapping="/css/**"/>-->
<!--<mvc:resources location="/images/" mapping="/images/**"/>-->
<!--<mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/>-->
</beans>
helloword
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: lenovo
Date: 2019/9/28
Time: 11:02
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
hello springmvc Test 999
</body>
</html>
结果码的处理
package com.xzy.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
/**
* @author XZY
* @site www.Xzy.com
* @company
* @create 2019-09-28 11:00
*
* 关于结果集处理的五种情况
* 1、转发到页面
* 2、转发到action请求
* 3、重定向到页面
* 4、重定向到action
* 5、转发到web-inf下面
*
*/
@Controller
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String hello(HttpServletRequest request){
request.setAttribute("msg","转发到页面的方式");
return "hello";
}
/**
* 重定向到action
* @param request
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("/hello2")
public String redirectPage(HttpServletRequest request){
request.setAttribute("msg","重定向到action的方式");
return "redirect:hello";
}
@RequestMapping("/hello3")
public String redirectPage2(HttpServletRequest request){
request.setAttribute("msg","重定向到页面的方式");
Object msg = request.getAttribute("msg");
return "redirect:hello.jsp";
}
@RequestMapping("/hello4")
public String forwardAction(HttpServletRequest request){
request.setAttribute("msg","重定向到action的方式");
return "forward:hello3";
}
@RequestMapping("/hello5")
public String xzy(HttpServletRequest request){
request.setAttribute("msg","转发到安全页面");
return "xzy";
}
}
转发到安全页面需要设置的地方
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: lenovo
Date: 2019/9/28
Time: 11:31
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
xzy:安全页面
</body>
</html>
Springmvc常用注解及返回值处理
通过crud进行讲解
Controller
Requestmapping
Requestparam
传参
工具类
bookList.jsp
package com.xzy.controller;
import com.xzy.model.Book;
import com.xzy.service.BookService;
import com.xzy.util.PageBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* @author XZY
* @site www.Xzy.com
* @company
* @create 2019-09-28 11:40
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
@Autowired
private BookService bookService;
@RequestMapping("/list")
public String list(Book book, HttpServletRequest request){
PageBean pageBean = new PageBean();
pageBean.setRequest(request);
List<Map> list = this.bookService.selectPager(book, pageBean);
request.setAttribute("bookList",list);
request.setAttribute("pageBean",pageBean);
return "bookList";
}
@RequestMapping("/preSave")
public String preSave(Book book,HttpServletRequest request){
if(book.getBid() != null){
Book b = this.bookService.selectByPrimaryKey(book.getBid());
request.setAttribute("b",b);
}
return "bookEdit";
}
@RequestMapping("/add")
public String add(Book book, HttpServletRequest request){
this.bookService.insert(book);
return "redirect:/book/list";
}
@RequestMapping("/del/{bid}")
public String del(@PathVariable(value = "bid") Integer bid, HttpServletRequest request){
this.bookService.deleteByPrimaryKey(bid);
return "redirect:/book/list";
}
@RequestMapping("/edit")
public String edit(Book book, HttpServletRequest request){
this.bookService.updateByPrimaryKeySelective(book);
return "redirect:/book/list";
}
}
bookEdit.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
function doSubmit(bid){
var bookForm = document.getElementById("bookForm");
if(bid){
//修改时候执行
bookForm.action = '${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/edit';
}else{
//新增时候执行
bookForm.action = '${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/add';
}
bookForm.submit();
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form id="bookForm" action="" method="post">
bid:<input type="text" name="bid" value="${b.bid }"><br>
bname:<input type="text" name="bname" value="${b.bname }"><br>
price:<input type="text" name="price" value="${b.price }"><br>
<input type="submit" value="提交" onclick="doSubmit('${b.bid }');"><br>
</form>
</body>
</html>
BookController.java
package com.xzy.controller;
import com.xzy.model.Book;
import com.xzy.service.BookService;
import com.xzy.util.PageBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* @author XZY
* @site www.Xzy.com
* @company
* @create 2019-09-28 11:40
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
@Autowired
private BookService bookService;
@RequestMapping("/list")
public String list(Book book, HttpServletRequest request){
PageBean pageBean = new PageBean();
pageBean.setRequest(request);
List<Map> list = this.bookService.selectPager(book, pageBean);
request.setAttribute("bookList",list);
request.setAttribute("pageBean",pageBean);
return "bookList";
}
@RequestMapping("/preSave")
public String preSave(Book book,HttpServletRequest request){
if(book.getBid() != null){
Book b = this.bookService.selectByPrimaryKey(book.getBid());
request.setAttribute("b",b);
}
return "bookEdit";
}
@RequestMapping("/add")
public String add(Book book, HttpServletRequest request){
this.bookService.insert(book);
return "redirect:/book/list";
}
@RequestMapping("/del/{bid}")
public String del(@PathVariable(value = "bid") Integer bid, HttpServletRequest request){
this.bookService.deleteByPrimaryKey(bid);
return "redirect:/book/list";
}
@RequestMapping("/edit")
public String edit(Book book, HttpServletRequest request){
this.bookService.updateByPrimaryKeySelective(book);
return "redirect:/book/list";
}
}
效果图演示
新增
修改
删除
Springmvc静态资源处理
导入一张静态图片
不进行下面的处理是访问不到的,我们要到springmvc-servlet.xml文件中进行配置单独处理一些资源