5_11

C++源码：

//5_11.cpp
#include "account.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
	//建立几个账户
	SavingsAccount sa0(1, 21325302, 0.015);
	SavingsAccount sa1(1, 58320212, 0.015);

	//几笔账目
	sa0.deposit(5, 5000);
	sa1.deposit(25, 10000);
	sa0.deposit(45, 5500);
	sa1.withdraw(60, 4000);

	//开户后第90天到了银行的计息日，结算所有账户的年息
	sa0.settle(90);
	sa1.settle(90);

	//输出各个账户信息
	sa0.show();	cout << endl;
	sa1.show();	cout << endl;
	cout << "Total: " << SavingsAccount::getTotal() << endl;
	return 0;
}

//account.h
#ifndef __ACCOUNT_H__
#define __ACCOUNT_H__

class SavingsAccount { //储蓄账户类
private:
	int id;				//账号
	double balance;		//余额
	double rate;		//存款的年利率
	int lastDate;		//上次变更余额的时期
	double accumulation;	//余额按日累加之和
	static double total;	//所有账户的总金额

	//记录一笔帐，date为日期，amount为金额，desc为说明
	void record(int date, double amount);
	//获得到指定日期为止的存款金额按日累积值
	double accumulate(int date) const {
		return accumulation + balance * (date - lastDate);
	}
public:
	//构造函数
	SavingsAccount(int date, int id, double rate);
	int getId() const { return id; }
	double getBalance() const { return balance; }
	double getRate() const { return rate; }
	static double getTotal() { return total; }

	//存入现金
	void deposit(int date, double amount);
	//取出现金
	void withdraw(int date, double amount);
	//结算利息，每年1月1日调用一次该函数
	void settle(int date);
	//显示账户信息
	void show() const;
};

#endif //__ACCOUNT_H__

//account.cpp
#include "account.h"
#include <cmath>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

double SavingsAccount::total = 0;

//SavingsAccount类相关成员函数的实现
SavingsAccount::SavingsAccount(int date, int id, double rate)
	: id(id), balance(0), rate(rate), lastDate(date), accumulation(0) {
	cout << date << "\t#" << id << " is created" << endl;
}

void SavingsAccount::record(int date, double amount) {
	accumulation = accumulate(date);
	lastDate = date;
	amount = floor(amount * 100 + 0.5) / 100;	//保留小数点后两位
	balance += amount;
	total += amount;
	cout << date << "\t#" << id << "\t" << amount << "\t" << balance << endl;
}

void SavingsAccount::deposit(int date, double amount) {
	record(date, amount);
}

void SavingsAccount::withdraw(int date, double amount) {
	if (amount > getBalance())
		cout << "Error: not enough money" << endl;
	else
		record(date, -amount);
}

void SavingsAccount::settle(int date) {
	double interest = accumulate(date) * rate / 365;	//计算年息
	if (interest != 0)
		record(date, interest);
	accumulation = 0;
}

void SavingsAccount::show() const {
	cout << "#" << id << "\tBalance: " << balance;
}

Java转码：

public class SavingsAccount {
	private int id;
	private double balance;
	private double rate;
	private int lastDate;
	private double accumulation;
	static double total;
	
	public SavingsAccount(int date,int id,double rate){
		this.id=id;
		this.balance=0;
		this.rate=rate;
		this.lastDate=date;
		this.accumulation=0;
		System.out.println(date+"\t#"+id+" id created");
	}
	 
	private void record(int date,double amount){
		accumulation=accumulate(date);
		lastDate=date;
		amount=Math.floor(amount*100+0.5)/100;
		balance+=amount;
		total+=amount;
		System.out.println(date+"\t#"+id+"\t"+amount+"\t"+balance);
	}
	
	private double accumulate(int date){
		return accumulation+balance*(date-lastDate);
	}
	
	public int getId(){
		return id;
	}
	
	public double getBalance(){
		return balance;
	}
	
	public double getRate(){
		return rate;
	}
	
	static double getTotal(){
		return total;
	}
	
	public void deposit(int date,double amount){
		record(date,amount);
	}
	
	public void withdraw(int date,double amount){
		if(amount>getBalance()){
			System.out.println("Error: not enough money");
		}else{
			record(date,-amount);
		}
	}
	
	public void settle(int date){
		double interest=accumulate(date)*rate/365;
		if(interest!=0){
			record(date,interest);	
		}
		accumulation=0;
	}
	
	public void show(){
		System.out.println("#"+id+"\tBalance:"+balance);
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args){
		//建立几个账户
		SavingsAccount sa0,sa1;
		sa0=new SavingsAccount(1, 21325302, 0.015);
		sa1=new SavingsAccount(1, 58320212, 0.015);

		//几笔账目
		sa0.deposit(5, 5000);
		sa1.deposit(25, 10000);
		sa0.deposit(45, 5500);
		sa1.withdraw(60, 4000);

		//开户后第90天到了银行的计息日，结算所有账户的年息
		sa0.settle(90);
		sa1.settle(90);

		//输出各个账户信息
		sa0.show();	
		System.out.println();
		sa1.show();
		System.out.println();
		System.out.println("Total: "+SavingsAccount.getTotal());
	}
}

笔记：C++源码与4_9的变化是，增加了一个SavingsAmount类的静态常量，用来储存所有账户的总余额；将SavingsAccount类与主函数定义在两个不同的文件中，通过头文件“account.h”引入。Java是纯面向对象的语言，有几个类就可以在几个文件中分别定义，由于本程序只有一个类所以也就定义了一个类，当然也可以仿照C++中的主函数定义一个运行类；Java中的类静态变量与C++中的基本一样，这里仿照C++定义即可。