JDK11+Maven开发JavaFx启动问题：java.lang.IllegalAccessError: class com.sun.javafx.fxml.FXMLLoaderHelper

旧电脑上 JDK8 开发 JavaFx 项目就很舒服欸，JDK11 不内置 JavaFx 了，通过 Maven 进行开发遇到的问题还挺多的。。。。

创建 Maven 项目

创建一个 quickstart 的 Maven 项目，然后我们自己去构建目录结构：

App 和 Controller 都是 常规类，Launcher 主要是为了解决一个启动异常的问题。

引入依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.openjfx</groupId>
    <artifactId>javafx-controls</artifactId>
    <version>11</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.openjfx</groupId>
    <artifactId>javafx-fxml</artifactId>
    <version>11</version>
</dependency>

尝试启动（失败）

用 fxml 随便搭个界面，正常启动应该都是这样的：

package com.yusael;

import javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader;
import javafx.scene.Parent;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.stage.Stage;

public class App extends javafx.application.Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        launch(args);
    }

    public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception {
        Parent root = FXMLLoader.load(getClass().getResource("/main.fxml"));
        primaryStage.setTitle("My Application");
        primaryStage.setScene(new Scene(root, 600, 400));
        primaryStage.show();

    }
}

居然失败了。。。。。。

遇到问题

这个问题是使用 fxml 开发才会遇到的，利用 java 代码写界面是没有问题的。

Exception in Application start method
java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
	at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplicationWithArgs(LauncherImpl.java:464)
	at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplication(LauncherImpl.java:363)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
	at java.base/sun.launcher.LauncherHelper$FXHelper.main(LauncherHelper.java:1051)
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Exception in Application start method
	at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplication1(LauncherImpl.java:900)
	at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.lambda$launchApplication$2(LauncherImpl.java:195)
	at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:834)
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalAccessError: class com.sun.javafx.fxml.FXMLLoaderHelper (in unnamed module @0x3f176ae0) cannot access class com.sun.javafx.util.Utils (in module javafx.graphics) because module javafx.graphics does not export com.sun.javafx.util to unnamed module @0x3f176ae0
	at com.sun.javafx.fxml.FXMLLoaderHelper.<clinit>(FXMLLoaderHelper.java:38)
	at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.<clinit>(FXMLLoader.java:2056)
	at com.yusael.App.start(App.java:47)
	at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.lambda$launchApplication1$9(LauncherImpl.java:846)
	at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$runAndWait$12(PlatformImpl.java:455)
	at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$runLater$10(PlatformImpl.java:428)
	at java.base/java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
	at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$runLater$11(PlatformImpl.java:427)
	at javafx.graphics/com.sun.glass.ui.InvokeLaterDispatcher$Future.run(InvokeLaterDispatcher.java:96)
	at javafx.graphics/com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication._runLoop(Native Method)
	at javafx.graphics/com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication.lambda$runLoop$3(WinApplication.java:174)
	... 1 more
Exception running application com.yusael.App

Process finished with exit code 1

解决方案

将 App 中的 main 方法抽取到另一个类中，通过以下方式启动：

Application.launch(App.class, args);

具体如下：

package com.yusael;

import javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader;
import javafx.scene.Parent;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.stage.Stage;

public class App extends javafx.application.Application {

    public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception {
        Parent root = FXMLLoader.load(getClass().getResource("/main.fxml"));
        primaryStage.setTitle("My Application");
        primaryStage.setScene(new Scene(root, 600, 400));
        primaryStage.show();
    }
}

package com.yusael;

import javafx.application.Application;

public class Launcher {
    public static void main(String args[]){
        Application.launch(App.class, args);
    }
}