【Mybatis学习笔记】01. 我的第一个Mybatis程序

0.前期准备

1. 搭建数据库

创建一个名字为mybatis, 属性有id, name, pwd三项的表

CREATE DATABASE `mybatis`;

USE `mybatis`;

CREATE TABLE `user`(
  `id` INT(20) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
  `name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
  `pwd` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL
)ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

INSERT INTO `user`(`id`,`name`,`pwd`) VALUES 
(1,'海洋','123456'),
(2,'张三','123456'),
(3,'李四','123890')

在IDEA中设置MySQL

2. 新建maven项目, 在父项目中的pom.xml中配置junit, mysql, mybatis相关依赖

整体项目结构
pojo: Plain Old Java Objects (普通老式Java对象)

    <!--导入依赖-->
    <dependencies>
        <!--mysql驱动-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.47</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--mybatis-->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--junit-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

3. 在maven中配置资源导出

 <!--在build中配置resources，来防止我们资源导出失败的问题-->
    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

1. 编写MybatisUtils工具类

//sqlSessionFactory-->sqlSession
public class MybatisUtils {
    private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;

    static{
        try {
            //使用Mybatis第一步：获取sqlSessionFactory对象
            String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
            InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
            sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    //既然有了 SqlSessionFactory，顾名思义，我们就可以从中获得 SqlSession 的实例了。
    // SqlSession 完全包含了面向数据库执行 SQL 命令所需的所有方法。
    public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
        return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
    }
}

2. 设置工具类所需的配置文件mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!--configuration核心配置文件-->
<configuration>

    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3307/mybatis?useSSL=false&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="root"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>

    <!--每一个Mapper.xml都需要在mybatis核心配置文件中注册!-->
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com/haining820/dao/UserMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>

</configuration>

3. User实体类

package com.haining820.pojo;

//实体类
public class User {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String pwd;

    public User() {
    }

    public User(int id, String name, String pwd) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getPwd() {
        return pwd;
    }

    public void setPwd(String pwd) {
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", pwd='" + pwd + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

4. UserDao接口

• dao层叫数据访问层，全称为data access object
• 数据访问层，就是用来访问数据库实现数据的持久化（把内存中的数据永久保存到硬盘中）
• dao层属于一种比较底层，比较基础的操作，具体到对于某个表、某个实体的增删改查

//操作数据库
public interface UserDao {
    List<User> getUserList();
}

5. UserMapper.xml (类比于接口的实现类)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--namespace=绑定一个Dao/Mapper接口-->
<mapper namespace="com.haining820.dao.UserDao">
    
    <select id="getUserList" resultType="com.haining820.pojo.User">
        select * from mybatis.user
    </select>
    
</mapper>

6. test测试

public class UserDaoTest {
    @Test
    public void test(){
        //获得sqlSession对象
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

        //方式一:getMapper
        UserDao userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
        List<User> userList = userDao.getUserList();
        //方式二
//        List<User> userList = sqlSession.selectList("com.haining820.dao.UserDao.getUserList");

        for (User user : userList) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }//显示数据库中储存的数据

        //关闭sqlSession
        sqlSession.close();
    }

}

注意事项

1. test测试中方法一与方法二的区别

2. 遇到的问题

org.apache.ibatis.binding.BindingException: Type interface com.kuang.dao.UserDao is not known to the MapperRegistry.

解决方法:
核心配置文件mybatis-config.xml中注册 mappers

java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError
com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.io.MalformedByteSequenceException: 1 字节的 UTF-8 序列的字节 1 无效。

解决方法:
将mybatis-config.xml文件和UserMapper.xml文件的第一行中的UTF-8改为UTF8

org.apache.ibatis.exceptions.PersistenceException: 
### Error querying database.  Cause: com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.CommunicationsException: Communications link failure

解决方法:
将mybatis-config.xml文件中的useSSL=true改为useSSL=false

• Mybatis官方文档地址: Mybatis官方文档