SpringCloud(四)微服务架构编码构建+ 首说RestTemplate

约定 > 配置 > 编码

Idea新建project工作空间

微服务cloud整体聚合父工程Project

1. New Project

2. 聚合总父工程名字

3.Maven选版本

4.工程名字

5.字符编码

6.注解生效激活

7.java编译版本选8

8.File Type过滤

父工程pom

  <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
  <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>pom</packaging>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
    <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
    <lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
    <mysql.version>5.1.47</mysql.version>
    <druid.version>1.1.16</druid.version>
    <mybatis.spring.boot.version>1.3.0</mybatis.spring.boot.version>
  </properties>

  <!-- 子模块继承之后，提供作用：锁定版本+子modlue不用写groupId和version  -->
  <dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
      <!--spring boot 2.2.2-->
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
        <type>pom</type>
        <scope>import</scope>
      </dependency>
      <!--spring cloud Hoxton.SR1-->
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>Hoxton.SR1</version>
        <type>pom</type>
        <scope>import</scope>
      </dependency>
      <!--spring cloud alibaba 2.1.0.RELEASE-->
      <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
        <type>pom</type>
        <scope>import</scope>
      </dependency>

      <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>${mysql.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
        <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
        <version>${druid.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>${mybatis.spring.boot.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>${junit.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>log4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
        <version>${log4j.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <version>${lombok.version}</version>
        <optional>true</optional>
      </dependency>
    </dependencies>
  </dependencyManagement>

  <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <configuration>
          <fork>true</fork>
          <addResources>true</addResources>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
  

pom文件包下载失败可以去阿里云的仓库下载jar包然后手动安装到本地maven库
maven安装jar包到本地仓库

Maven工程落地细节复习

Maven中的DependencyManagement和Dependencies

  Maven使用dependencyManagement元素来提供了一种管理依赖版本号的方式
通常会在一个组织或者项目的最顶层的父POM中看到dependencyManagement元素.
  使用pom.xml中的dependencyManagement元素能让所有在子项目中引用一个依赖而不用显示的列出版本号.
  Maven会沿着父子层次向上走, 知道找到一个拥有dependencyManagement元素的项目, 然后它就会使用这个dependencyManagement元素中指定的版本号
  这样做的好处就是: 如果有多个子项目都引用同一样依赖, 则可以避免在每个使用的子项目里都声明一个版本号, 这样当想升级或切换到另一个版本时, 只需要在顶层父容器里更新, 而不需要一个一个子项目的修改; 另外如果某个子项目需要另外的一个版本, 只需要声明version即可

• dependencyManagement里只是声明依赖, 并不实现引入, 因此子项目需要显示的声明需要用的依赖
• 如果不在子项目中声明依赖, 是不会从父项目中继承下来的; 只有在子项目中写了该依赖项, 并且没有指定具体版本, 才会从父项目中继承该项, 并且version和scope都读取自父pom
• 如果子项目中指定了版本号, 那么会使用子项目中指定的jar版本

maven中跳过单元测试

父工程创建完成执行mvn:install 将父工程发布到仓库方便子工程继承

执行maven的clean 和install

Rest微服务工程构建

微服务模块构建步骤

1. 建module
2. 改pom
3. 写yml
4. 主启动
5. 业务类

cloud-provider-payment8001微服务提供者支付Module模块

1. 建cloud-provider-payment8001 创建完后请回到父工程查看pom文件变化, 还需要把<packaging>标签移上来

2. 改pom

<dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.10</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

3. 写yml 在如图位置新建文件application.yml注意数据库连接的用户名密码写自己的还有连接哪个数据库

server:
  port: 8001

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-payment-service
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/cloud2020?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
    username: root
    password: root

mybatis:
  mapperLocations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
  type-aliases-package: com.atguigu.springcloud.entities

4. 主启动 在java下新建包名与类名如下

编写启动文件

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

/**
 * @author YangJunyi
 */
@SpringBootApplication
public class PaymentMain8001 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8001.class, args);
    }
}

5. 业务类

1. 建表SQL

create table `payment`(
	`id` bigint(20) not null auto_increment COMMENT 'ID',
	`serial` varchar(200) DEFAULT '',
	PRIMARY KEY(`id`)
)ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

2. entities 创建主实体Payment 和Json封装体CommonResult

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
  * @author yangjunyi
  * @create 2020-07-23 14:09
  */
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Payment implements Serializable {
    private Long id;
    private String serial;
}

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

/**
 * @author YangJunYi
 * @create 2020/7/23 14:12
 */
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class CommonResult<T> {
    private Integer code;
    private String message;
    private T data;

    public CommonResult(Integer code, String message){
        this(code,message,null);
    }
}

3. dao

import com.itguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

/**
 * @author YangJunYi
 * @create 2020/7/23 14:18
 */
@Mapper
public interface PaymentDao {
    int create(Payment payment);
    Payment getPaymentById(@Param("id") Long id);
}

  在这里,我遇到了一个严重问题,@Mapper注解和@Param注解全都导入不进来, 通过百度查询官网,

  官方推荐SpringBoot 2.1及以上版本使用MyBatis-Spring-Boot-Starter的2.1以上版本,所以我去父工程中把pom文件的properties标签中的mybatis-springboot-starter的版本改成了2.1.3,那两个注解就可以正常使用了
  然后在resource下写mybatis对应的xml文件

mapper文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="com.atguigu.springcloud.dao.PaymentDao">

    <insert id="create" parameterType="com.atguigu.springcloud.dao.PaymentDao" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id">
      insert into payment(serial) values (#{serial})
    </insert>


    <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment">
        <id column="id" property="id" jdbcType="BIGINT"/>
        <result column="serial" property="serial" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
    </resultMap>
    <select id="getPaymentById" parameterType="long" resultMap="BaseResultMap">
        select * from payment where id = #{id}
    </select>
</mapper>

4. service

import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

/**
  *@author YangJunYi
  *@create 2020/7/23 15:12
 */
public interface PaymentService {

    int create(Payment payment);

    Payment getPaymentById(@Param("id") Long id);
}

import com.atguigu.springcloud.dao.PaymentDao;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.service.PaymentService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

/**
  * @author YangJunYi
  * @create 2020/7/23 15:13
  */
@Service
public class PaymentServciceImpl implements PaymentService {

    @Resource
    private PaymentDao paymentDao;

    @Override
    public int create(Payment payment) {
        return paymentDao.create(payment);
    }

    @Override
    public Payment getPaymentById(Long id) {
        return paymentDao.getPaymentById(id);
    }
}

5. controller

import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.service.PaymentService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

/**
 * Class PaymentController ...
 * @author YangJunyi
 * @date 2020/7/23
 */
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class PaymentController {

    @Resource
    private PaymentService paymentService;

    @PostMapping("/payment/create")
    public CommonResult create(@RequestBody Payment payment){
        int result = paymentService.create(payment);
        log.info("*********插入结果: result:{}",result);
        if(result > 0){
            return new CommonResult(200,"插入数据库成功",result);
        }else{
            return new CommonResult(444,"插入数据库失败");
        }
    }
    @GetMapping("/payment/get/{id}")
    public CommonResult getPaymentById(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
        Payment payment = paymentService.getPaymentById(id);
        log.info("*********插入结果: payment:{}",payment);
        if(payment != null){
            return new CommonResult(200,"插入数据库成功", payment);
        }else{
            return new CommonResult(444,"没有对应记录");
        }
    }
}

6. 测试

使用postman测试

热部署Devtools

Adding devtools to your project 粘贴到当前8001工程(目前已经有了)

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
    <optional>true</optional>
</dependency>

Adding plugin to your pom.xml 粘贴到父工程pom(目前已经有了)

<build>
    <!--自己工程的名字-->
    <finalName>cloud2020</finalName>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <configuration>
          <fork>true</fork>
          <addResources>true</addResources>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>

Enabling automatic build

Update the value of

1. 按下CTRL + SHIFT + ALT + / 点击Registry
   

重启IDEA

注意: 我的IDEA需要修改完代码后按CTRL + S才会自动热部署

cloud-consumer-order80微服务消费者订单Module模块

建module cloud-consumer-order80

改pom

<dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        
    </dependencies>

写yml

server:
  port: 80

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-consumer-order

主启动

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

/**
 * Class OrderMain80 ...
 * @author YangJunyi
 * @date 2020/7/23
 */
@SpringBootApplication
public class OrderMain80 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderMain80.class, args);
    }
}

业务类

entities

复用上一个工程的, 直接拷贝

首说RestTemplate

是什么

  RestTemplate提供了多种便捷访问远程HTTP服务的方法, 是一种简单便捷的访问restful服务模板类, 是Spring提供的用于访问Rest服务的客户端模板工具集

官网及使用

官网地址
使用
  使用restTemplate访问restful接口非常的简单粗暴无脑
  (url, requestMap, ResponseBean.class)这三个参数分别代表
  Rest请求地址, 请求参数, Http响应转换被转换成的对象类型
详细使用介绍

config配置类ApplicationContextConfig

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

/**
 * Class ApplicationContextConfig ...
 * @author YangJunyi
 * @date 2020/7/23
 */
@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig {

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

controller

import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

/**
 * Class OrderController ...
 * @author YangJunyi
 * @date 2020/7/23
 */
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderController {

    public static final String PAYMENT_URL = "http://localhost:8001";

    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/create")
    public CommonResult<Payment> create(Payment payment){

        return restTemplate.postForObject(PAYMENT_URL + "/payment/create", payment, CommonResult.class);
    }

    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/get/{id}")
    public CommonResult<Payment> getPayment(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
        return restTemplate.getForObject(PAYMENT_URL + "/payment/get/" + id, CommonResult.class);
    }
}

测试

IDEA如何手动开启RunDashboard

在这个下面加入, 上图已经加过了,然后重启IDEA即可

<option name="configurationTypes">
  <set>
    <option value="SpringBootApplicationConfigurationType" />
  </set>
</option>

工程重构

目前问题, 系统中有重复的entities部分, 所以需要重构

新建工程cloud-api-commons

POM

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
            <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

entities 直接复制, 并把前两个中的entities删除

maven命令clean install

订单80和支付8001分别改造

1. 删除各自的原先有过的entities文件夹
2. 各自粘贴POM内容

<!--引入自己定义的api通用包, 可以使用Payment支付Entity-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>

目前工程样图