kubectl基础命令详解

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-21 21:01:44 发布

liujiangxu

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-21 21:01:44 发布

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分类专栏： kubernetes 文章标签： k8s

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43757402/article/details/119343352

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本文详细介绍了如何在Kubernetes环境中使用kubectl管理名称空间、资源如Pod、Service、Deployment以及ReplicaSet的创建、查看、删除等操作，包括命名空间的创建与删除，以及资源的声明式管理和修改方法。

摘要由CSDN通过智能技术生成

管理名称空间资源

查看名称空间

[root@ceshi-130 conf]# kubectl get ns
[root@ceshi-130 conf]# kubectl get namespace
NAME              STATUS   AGE
default           Active   7d17h
kube-node-lease   Active   7d17h
kube-public       Active   7d17h
kube-system       Active   7d17h

查询default空间所有资源

[root@ceshi-130 conf]# kubectl get all -n default
[root@ceshi-130 conf]# kubectl get all  #默认default
pod资源
NAME                 READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
pod/nginx-ds-c7bnr   1/1     Running   1          18h
pod/nginx-ds-lkznc   1/1     Running   1          18h

service资源
NAME                 TYPE        CLUSTER-IP    EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)   AGE
service/kubernetes   ClusterIP   192.168.0.1   <none>        443/TCP   7d17h

daemonset控制器资源
NAME                      DESIRED   CURRENT   READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   NODE SELECTOR   AGE
daemonset.apps/nginx-ds   2         2         2       2            2           <none>          18h

创建名称空间

[root@ceshi-130 conf]# kubectl create ns ceshi
namespace/ceshi created
[root@ceshi-130 conf]# kubectl get ns
NAME              STATUS   AGE
ceshi             Active   44s

删除名称空间

[root@ceshi-130 conf]# kubectl delete ns ceshi
namespace "ceshi" deleted

管理Deployment资源

创建deployment

[root@ceshi-130 conf]# kubectl create deployment nginx-test --image=harbor.od.com/public/nginx:v1.7.9 -n kube-public
[root@ceshi-130 conf]# kubectl get deployment -n kube-public
NAME         READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
nginx-test   1/1     1            1           17s
[root@ceshi-130 conf]# kubectl get pods -n kube-public
NAME                         READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
nginx-test-88bc69dd6-cgh8k   1/1     Running   0          41s

查看

[root@ceshi-130 conf]# kubectl get deployment -n kube-public
NAME         READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
nginx-test   1/1     1            1           9m13s
[root@ceshi-130 conf]# kubectl get deployment -n kube-public -o wide
NAME         READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE   CONTAINERS   IMAGES                              SELECTOR
nginx-test   1/1     1            1           10m   nginx        harbor.od.com/public/nginx:v1.7.9   app=nginx-test

详细查看

[root@ceshi-130 conf]# kubectl describe deployment nginx-test -n kube-public
Name:                   nginx-test #名称
Namespace:              kube-public #名称空间
CreationTimestamp:      Tue, 03 Aug 2021 10:34:12 +0800 #创建时间
Labels:                 app=nginx-test #标签
Annotations:            deployment.kubernetes.io/revision: 1 #注解
Selector:               app=nginx-test #标签选择器
Replicas:               1 desired | 1 updated | 1 total | 1 available | 0 unavailable
状态副本集			    	预期一个	  最新状态  	总共一个	   1个存在		 0个不存在	
StrategyType:           RollingUpdate #更新策略，默认滚动发布(蓝绿发布，灰度发布，滚动发布，金丝雀发布)
MinReadySeconds:        0 
RollingUpdateStrategy:  25% max unavailable, 25% max surge
Pod Template:
  Labels:  app=nginx-test
  Containers:
   nginx:
    Image:        harbor.od.com/public/nginx:v1.7.9
    Port:         <none>
    Host Port:    <none>
    Environment:  <none>
    Mounts:       <none>
  Volumes:        <none>
Conditions:
  Type           Status  Reason
  ----           ------  ------
  Available      True    MinimumReplicasAvailable
  Progressing    True    NewReplicaSetAvailable
OldReplicaSets:  <none>
NewReplicaSet:   nginx-test-88bc69dd6 (1/1 replicas created)
Events:
  Type    Reason             Age   From                   Message
  ----    ------             ----  ----                   -------
  Normal  ScalingReplicaSet  12m   deployment-controller  Scaled up replica set nginx-test-88bc69dd6 to 1

pod资源

进入pod资源
[root@ceshi-130 conf]# kubectl exec -it nginx-test-88bc69dd6 bash -n kube-public

配置端口
[root@ceshi-130 conf]# kubectl expose deployment nginx-test --port=80 -n kube-public
service/nginx-test exposed
[root@ceshi-130 conf]# kubectl get all -n kube-public
NAME                             READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
pod/nginx-test-88bc69dd6-cgh8k   1/1     Running   2          5h16m

								对外提供的唯一出口
NAME                 TYPE        CLUSTER-IP       EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)   AGE
service/nginx-test   ClusterIP   192.168.37.172   <none>        80/TCP    25s


NAME                         READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
deployment.apps/nginx-test   1/1     1            1           5h16m

NAME                                   DESIRED   CURRENT   READY   AGE
replicaset.apps/nginx-test-88bc69dd6   1         1         1       5h16m

查看LVS规则，上面的CLUSTER-IP代理172.7.200.1节点
[root@ceshi-131 certs]# ipvsadm -Ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
  -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP  192.168.0.1:443 nq
  -> 10.1.74.22:6443              Masq    1      0          0         
  -> 10.1.74.23:6443              Masq    1      0          0         
TCP  192.168.37.172:80 nq
  -> 172.7.200.1:80               Masq    1      0          1 

扩容节点 
[root@ceshi-130 conf]# kubectl scale deployment nginx-test --replicas=2 -n kube-public
deployment.extensions/nginx-test scaled

[root@ceshi-130 conf]# ipvsadm -Ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
  -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP  192.168.0.1:443 nq
  -> 10.1.74.22:6443              Masq    1      0          0         
  -> 10.1.74.23:6443              Masq    1      0          0         
TCP  192.168.37.172:80 nq
  -> 172.7.200.1:80               Masq    1      0          0         
  -> 172.7.200.3:80               Masq    1      0          0

删除deployment

查看
[root@ceshi-131 certs]# kubectl get deploy
NAME        READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
nginx-ljx   1/1     1            1           42m
删除
[root@ceshi-131 certs]# kubectl delete deploy nginx-ljx
deployment.extensions "nginx-ljx" deleted

[root@ceshi-131 certs]# kubectl get pods
NAME                         READY   STATUS        RESTARTS   AGE
nginx-ds-f82d2               1/1     Running       0          2m43s
nginx-ds-lkznc               1/1     Running       3          24h
nginx-ljx-669cc7d666-hj9qh   0/1     Terminating   0          73s

通过和本机8080 apiserver进行通信，将用户再命令行输入的命令，组织并转换为apiserver识别的信息，实现管理各种资源的一种有限途径

以yaml格式显示pod

 [root@ceshi-130 conf]# kubectl get pods nginx-test-88bc69dd6-4vk58 -o yaml -n kube-public

以yaml格式显示service

[root@ceshi-130 conf]# kubectl get svc nginx-test -o yaml -n kube-public

创建资源配置清单

[root@ceshi-130 ~]# cat nginx-ljx.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: nginx-ljx
  namespace: default
  labels:
    app: nginx-ljx
spec:
  ports:
  - port: 80
    protocol: TCP
    targetPort: 80
  selector:
   type: ClusterIP
[root@ceshi-130 ~]# kubectl create -f nginx-ljx.yaml 
service/nginx-ljx created 
查看service
[root@ceshi-130 ~]# kubectl get svc
NAME         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP       EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)   AGE
kubernetes   ClusterIP   192.168.0.1      <none>        443/TCP   8d
nginx-ljx    ClusterIP   192.168.134.19   <none>        80/TCP    35s  

离线修改并应用
[root@ceshi-130 ~]# kubectl apply -f nginx-ljx.yaml 

在线修改并应用
[root@ceshi-130 ~]# kubectl edit svc nginx-ljx
service/nginx-ljx edited
[root@ceshi-130 ~]# kubectl get svc
NAME         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP        EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)   AGE
kubernetes   ClusterIP   192.168.0.1       <none>        443/TCP   8d
nginx-ljx    ClusterIP   192.168.129.159   <none>        888/TCP   3m5s

陈述式删除(命令行)
[root@ceshi-130 ~]# kubectl delete svc nginx-ljx
service "nginx-ljx" deleted
声明式删除(yaml/json)
[root@ceshi-130 ~]# kubectl delete -f nginx-ljx.yaml

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kubectl基础命令详解

管理名称空间资源查看名称空间[root@ceshi-130 conf]# kubectl get ns[root@ceshi-130 conf]# kubectl get namespaceNAME STATUS AGEdefault Active 7d17hkube-node-lease Active 7d17hkube-public Active 7d17hkube-system Active
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